Analysis Of Substances In Two Extracts Of Rice Sprouts And Mining Of The Biological Active Substances Based On Comparative Transcriptome Analysis

Rice has been the main food for human beings in China and even in the world, which is also an important model organism in biological research. Rice sprouts are the sprouts while the rice seeds are sprouting. Since they have been rich in biological active material, they been the original material in traditional Chinese herbal medicine. They are helpful for digestion and spleen. In addition, Rice sprouts have been widely used as the raw material for animal feed and health care products. Relative to their wide range of applications, Rice sprouts are lacking for the foundation and functional research. Their specific components and the mechanism are not clear; Rice Sprouts related quality control and optimization are lack of scientific standards. This situation severely restricted rice sprouts’application and internationalization, urgently the research needs to be carried out.This research has an overall analysis of rice sprouts on the two sides, and the main contents and results of this research are in the following:1. Specific substances analysis of the extracts with rice sprouts in the two extraction process (decoction and dipping)This research used the high performance liquid chromatography and other technique methods to have a quantitative determination of the content of the substances which including free amino acids, amylase, resistant starch, adenine, glucose, maltose for the two extraction method. These substances are traditional Chinese medicine active and nutrient components for the rice sprouts. The result of the research shows:1) All the substances in the extract A which is from the dipping process is more than the extract B which is from the decoction process, and the ratio is about2:1on the overall level. This indicates although dipping process has consumed more time, but it will get more than the decoction process for each component.2) From the overall trends of the every kinds of amino acid’s percentage with the whole amino acids, we found that the two composition of extract A and B are the same. This indicates although we can get different quantity from the two extraction of process, but the composition of the extract in the two processes is basically the same.2. Analysis and data mining of the biological active substances, based on the comparative transcriptome analysis.This research constructed the rice sprouts’and rice seed’s cDNA library, which covers the two states of the rice. And we had a SOLiD sequencing for both of the two states. Then we make reads mapping to genome and get gene annotation information. This research also has a comparative analysis of the metabolic pathways between the rice sprouts and rice seeds, based on KEGG database. And we analyzed the integrity of important metabolic pathways. Found that some key enzymes maintain the high expressed states in rice sprouts during metabolic pathways. And some possible secondary metabolic products of these enzymes like vitamin B2, vitamin B6, quercetin、 butein、 fustin、cinnamldehyde、 cinnamon、 chlorogenic acid have some biological active and medical value. Since these enzymes maintain high or median expressed states in transcripts of rice sprouts, the metabolites may maintain a big quantity. Therefore, these materials may be the biological active substance of the rice sprouts that make it becomes the original material basis of Chinese medicine, health care products and feeds.