Impacts Of The Exotic Genetic Resources On China’s Swine Industry

Since the1990th, China has been taking the first place in pig slaughter, pig stock and pork production among all countries of the world. Swine industry is the leading sector in China’s animal husbandry, and pork production accounts for more than sixty percent in total meat production. Moreover, China’s swine industry has been playing an important role in improving residents’ nutrition, increasing farmers’ income and promoting the development of related industries.However, what’s not compatible with China’s producer status is that the main swine breeds rely on import from abroad. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the swine industry, point out the reason of why China import these swine breeds, objectively evaluate their influence on China’s diversity of swine breeds, assess their economic contribution to China’s swine industry, and put forward some advices on exotic swine genetic resources management. Based on these, the dissertation probes into the research from the following five parts:In the first part, it reviews the history of China’s swine industry development, summarizes the producing characteristics, main producing areas, and pig breeds distribution, etc.The second part describes the import situation of exotic pig breeds and analyzes the factors which lead to the breeds import. The research finds out that the exotic breeds shows an upward importing trend, with an expanding regional distribution as well. The import of exotic pig breeds is driven by domestic pork price, technological progress, governments’ policy, and hindered by import price, domestic breeds supply, and epidemics.The third part qualitatively analyzes the impacts of exotic breeds on China’s pig diversity. The author finds out that the impact has two sides. On the one hand, the exotic breeds is helpful to breed new pig breeds, while on the other hand, they might also accelerate the extinction of some local pig breeds.The fourth part mainly assesses the economic contribution of exotic pig breeds to China’s swine industry. Econometric results show that the contribution reaches to forty percent.The last part puts forward some suggestions and advice on swine genetic resources management:(1)we should deepen the understanding on exotic swine genetic resources management;(2) related authorities should strengthen the management and supervision on imported swine genetic resources;(3) we should set up a plan under which the protection, selection and utilization on both exotic and indigenous swine breeds are included;(4)we should carry out the "bringing in and going out" strategy, and make every effort to improve our capacity of protecting, selecting and utilizing on exotic swine genetic resources;(5) related authorities should increase more material and technological support for the protection, selection and utilization of exotic swine genetic resources.