Phosphorus Nutrition Characteristics About Corn Hybrids Of Different Ages

Available phosphorus content in soil is important on maize and other crop yields and quality great. Although phosphorus nutrition of crops can be improved to some extent by the application of phosphate fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer is inefficient and non-renewable. So, it is far from adequate depends only on application phosphate. Therefore, cultivate new varieties of corn resistant to phosphorus deficiency is important. This work through potted plants, hydroponics, sand culture experiments, the different ages of phosphorus nutrition Corn Hybrids feature, initially revealed its tolerance to low phosphorus mechanism to provide a theoretical basis and breeding materials for resistance breeding new varieties of maize phosphorus. The main content of the work and results are as follows:(1) Eight representative Corn Hybrids from different years:80S:Yedan4, Danyu13,90S:Yedan13, Ludan50,00S:Zhengdan958, Xianyu335,10S:Ludan818, zhongdan909for the materials in a single pot experiment to study the phosphorus nutrition characteristics under saturate phosphorus and low phosphorus conditions. The results showed that,00S,10S single cross hybrids owned superior ability on resistant to low phosphorus stress on grain yield than80S,90S single-cross hybrids.00S,10S hybrids accumulation of phosphorus, phosphorus efficient than80S,90S single-cross hybrids,10S single cross hybrids showed highest phosphorus responsiveness. It is suggested that different several corn hybrids from different years showed different phosphorus starvation tolerance.(2) Different phosphorus concentrations treatments on corn hybrids growth and the absorption and utilization capacity of insoluble Ca-phosphate, Fe-phosphate, Al-phosphate. The results showed that00S,10S corns owned more ability to activate insoluble phosphate than80S,90S. Corns of00S,10S secreted more osxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinc acid and citric acid than80S,90S. It is suggested that there was a positive correlation between ability of activate insoluble phosphate and secretion rate of organic acids.(3) Hydroponic experiments on hybrids carried out for determination of root morphology, phosphorus absorption kinetics, rhizosphere pH and proton secretion, acid phosphatase activity and blades photosynthesis under low phosphorus stress. Results showed that00S,10S owned more vigorous root growth, root surface area, root length, root tips, root volume. In additiation, Imax were increased but Km, Cmin and β values were decreased. The ability of secrete protons and phosphatases enhanced under phosphorus defficiency. In addition,00S and10S showed high photosynthesis under phosphorus starvation.In summary, Corn Hybrids from different years under different phosphorus concentrations showed various capacity of absorption utilization on soil phosphorus. It is indicated that root physiological and biochemical changes, the ability of secrete protons and acid phosphatase and related organic acids were related to various phosphorus responsibility. It provides a scientific basis and theoretical support for the single cross breeding prospect.