The Effect Of Potash Fertilizer On Japonica Rice Growth Yield And Quality

Potassium is one of the indispensable important elements of rice growth and development, however,in the actual production, Only pay attention to increasing nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, donot attach importance to increasing potassium, one of the important limiting factor of high-yielding riceof many places is potassium. This study aimed at carbonate meadow soil of western Heilongjiangprovince, reasonable increased nitrogen and phosphate in rice, at the same time designed six gradient ofapplying potash fertilizer content, discussed the influence of different amount of potassium applicationon Kendao12and Longjing21growth, photosynthetic physiology, the rice yield and rice quality. Thestudies have shown that: At the same time of reasonable increasing nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer,science increasing potash fertilizer can enhance the metabolism and resistance of rice, and Improve therice yield and quality. The main results are as follows:1. Potash fertilizer could promote the growth development of rice in the early process. Whenapplying potassium content in11.04kg/666.7m2, the leaf age plant height and number of stem ofKendao12and Longjing21are significantly improved than control in the early process, and less effectin the late process. Potassium fertilizer for each treatment, material production in early andmedium-term are on the rise than control. In early the more early leaf area index, the greater thematerial production, showed a significant positive correlation (R=0.742*，0.742*); In medium-termmaterial production showed a trend of decline after rising first with the increase of leaf area index, andthe peak appeared. It was no significant correlation between the total number of spikelet and productionwhit previous material production, and reached a significant correlation or limit the levels with mediummaterial production (R=0.929*and0.904*).2. Applying potassium content at the levels of3.68~11.04kg/666.7m2, net photosynthetic rateand transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2concentration were positivelycorrelated, reached significant or extremely significant level (r=0.918**,0.829*，0.762*). Stomatalconductance and transpiration rate were positively correlated, reached significant level (r=0.896*).Net photosynthetic rate and yield were positively correlated, stomatal conductance and grain numberwas negatively correlated, reached significant level.3. When potash level was11.04kg/666.7m2, the real yield of the two varieties received the highest,compared with the control respectively were11.73%and11.59%. Productions with the number ofgrains was positively correlated, and significant or significant level (r=0.818*,0.826*,0.818**,0.883*), and with the seed setting rate were negative correlation, the number of panicle and grains havea great effect on production, and small grains.4. The brown rice and polished rice rate is rising with the increased amount of potassium, andKendao12rise is bigger, were1.98%and2.46%. The chalkiness rate of rice can be reduced by potashfertilizer, When potassium levels in18.6kg/666.7m2, the chalkiness rate of Kendao12and Longjing21were minimum, respectively44.9%and31.4%lower than the control; With the increase of potash fertilizer, rice gelatinization temperature and amylose content increased, two varieties of amylosecontent is one of the biggest increase1.53%and0.85%, but the difference was not significant. With theincreasing of application rate of potassium, The protein content of Kendao12and Longjing21werefalling, and the biggest drop was1.32%.5. The rice grading eating score and rice amylase content of Kendao12and Longjing21werepositively correlated, but with while protein were negatively correlated. The three main indicators of theimpact Kendao12were brown rice quality rate, polished rice rate and chalkiness weight, while the threekey indicators affecting the quality of Longjing21were chalkiness weight ratio, amylose content andpolished rice. Composite score results showed that, when the amount of potassium fertilizer is14.72kg/666.7m2, two varieties of score is the highest.