| The small Beijing duck is a new strain breeding based on the traditional Beijing duck, it looks likethe traditional Beijing duck, but each performance index has changed, it grows fast and has strongadaptability, which has high economic value. In order to effectively protect and reasonable utilize thesmall Beijing duck species resources, it is necessary to obey he principles of genetics, as well as thetheory and techniques of modern molecular biology to research on the excellent characteristics of thesmall size of Beijing duck the occurrence and formation. This research took the small Beijing duck inHuzhou Zhongwang duck farm for as the study object, then selected5families to measure and analysisgrowth performance and carcass performance, based on SNP detection to analysis the association of thesmall Beijing duck of the genetic polymorphisms with slaughter traits. The main results were asfollows:1. Determination of growth performance of the small Beijing duck42th day average weight of each family:1st family1778.29g,2nd family1901.50g,3rd family1928.00g,4th family1961.67g,5th family400.25g, the average weight of5th was the highest.42th day average feed conversion rate of each family:1st family3.16,2nd family2.89,3rd family2.75,4th family2.92,5th family2.11.56th day average feed conversion rate of each family:1st family3.78,2nd family3.48,3rd family2.71,4th family3.60,5th family3.66. the feed conversion ratebetween every family and days were different, which the5th family42h day was lowest, it was suitablefor the small Beijing duck breeding.2. Determination of slaughter performance of the small Beijing duck42th day average weight male2144.87g, female1743.53g; Carcass weight male1935.90g, female1567.10g; Semi eviscerated weight male1736.01g, female1407.08g; eviscerated weight male1551.40g, female1251.20g; breast muscle weight male132.99g, female103.96g; leg muscle weightmale189.92g, female153.12g; abdominal fat weight male16.436g, female16.79g; slaughter rate ofmale90.30%, female89.91%; semi-eviscerated rate of male80.95%g, female80.72%; evisceratedrate of male72.32%, female71.79%; pectoral rate of male8.42%, female8.39%; leg muscle rate ofmale12.30%, female12.41%; abdominal fat rate of male1.06%, female1.32%.56th day average weight male2575.53g, female2264.80g; carcass weight male2316.90g,female2047.90g, semi eviscerated weight male2113.20g, female1883.40g, eviscerated weight male1909.93, female1702.07g; breast muscle weight male293.73g, female241.67g; leg muscle weightmale202.00g, female174.40g; abdominal fat weight male16.40g, female16.53g; slaughter rate ofmale89.84%, female90.40%; semi-eviscerated rate of male81.94%drake, female83.03%;eviscerated rate of male74.10%, female75.05%; pectoral rate of male15.12%drake, female14.59%;leg muscle rate of male10.47%duck, female10.48%; abdominal fat rate of male0.85%, female0.90%; Compared with Z-Beijing duck species, the small Beijing duck slaughter and semi-evisceraterate werehigh, abdominal fat rate was low, which can further breeding lean Beijing duck.3. SNP detection of GH, FABP2, A-FABP, Myostatin, Adiponecyin gene polymorphism and theirassociations with slaughter performanceOne SNP was found in exon4of the small Beijingduck GH:3701nt Câ†'T mutation; One SNPwas found in exon3of the small Beijingduck FABP2: Câ†'T mutation I; two SNP were found in exon3of the small Beijingduck A-FABP:1991Câ†'T mutation,2018Aâ†'G mutation; there were no SNPsin the5’ regulatory region of Myostatin and exon1of Adiponecyin.GH gene was determined to be associated with slaughter live weight, carcass weight, semieviscerated weight, eviscerated weight, it has no significant correlation with breast weight, leg weightand abdominal fat weight. FABP2gene was determined to be associated with slaughter live weight,carcass weight, semi eviscerated weight, eviscerated weight and abdominal fat rate.A-FABP gene was determined to be associated with slaughter live weight, carcass weight, semieviscerated weight, eviscerated weight and leg muscle weight, which can be used as candidate genes ofcarcass traits for the small Beijing duck. |
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