Effect Of Endocarp On Seed Germination Of Hawthorn

Hawthorn is a peculiar fruit tree resources in our country,cross breeding is the main fruit tree breeding methods, but generally,the nuclear of hawthorn need a year and a half to germination, It is affected the progress of the hawthorn cross breeding. So it is a great significance for hawthorn cross breeding that the hawthorn nuclear break dormancy methods and mechanism.This study is to explore and optimize the hawthorn nuclear early germination methods, the main results were as follows:1. Through the hawthorn endocarp thickness and the weight of a single hawthorn seeds weight, the weight of a single nuclear that the results of measurement are: generally,the endocarp thickness of hawthorn is about 1mm; The weight of a single hawthorn seed is generally between 0.011g~ 1.019g; The weight of a single nuclear generally between 0.129g~0.246g;the ratio of seed and nuclear is generally between 5.06%~10.43%.The result is that seeds is in a small proportion of the whole nuclear,the seed-caseis in a larger proportion of the whole nuclear.2. Through the warm stratification of different varieties of hawthorn nuclear and surveied the situation to the cracked endocarp and sprouted, the result is:It has a big difference between the cracked endocarp of seed,the germination rate,the average days of the germination and the crack endocarp of seeds.The hawthorn of yellow leaves is the highest,is 90.67%, ’Wulinghong’ is the lowest,is 18.67%.The hawthorn of yellow leaves needed the shortest time,is 182 days,’Daguo’needed the longest time,is 323 days;The germination rate of the hawthorn of yellow leaves is the highest,is 46.33%,’Daguo’ and ’Wulinghong ’ is the lowest,is 0.33%.It declared that the variety is one of the main factors influencing the germination rate.3. Through the surveied to different temperature of warm srratification of the seeds of ’Ruifeng’ hawthorn and the cracked endocarp and germination, the result is: The germination rate of the seed with no endocarp is about double to the seed with endocarp,the germination time shortens 167 days, it can be seen that the binding force of the endocarp is the main factors of the germination rate and the germination time.4. Through the initial laminated medium compared with the improved laminated medium,the result is: sphagnum and the cleaned sand compared with the initial laminated medium(no cleaned sand), the germination rate is greatly increased.It means the laminated medium is the main factors of influencing the germination rate.5. Through the surveied of varieites of hybrid combinations of hawthorn to seeds germination rate,the result is:’Waibahong’ × ’Aote’ hybrid combinations’ s germination rate is the highest, is 87.07%, the ‘purple pearls’ × ‘hongyun’ hybrid combination’s germination rate is the lowest,is 51.59%.It means the variety is one of the factors that affect hawthorn germination rate.6. Through the surveied of dynamic investigation of hawthorn seeds,nuclear bibulous get: seeds maximum water content is 39.89%, the lowest is 37, 21 %, the seeds in nuclear’s maximum water content is 37.55%,it means endocarps is the main factors that influence to the maximum water content of the seeds.