The Migration Law And Regulation Of Soil Water And Nitrogen In Vineyard In Eastern Foot Of Helan Mortain

There are one million acres of semi-arid sandy wine vineyards in the Eastern Foot of Helan Mountain, but the irrigation in the vineyards is flood irrigation, the fertilization rate is too high. In order to explore moisture content of nitrogen migration rule and the effect of water and nitrogen coordination on the grapes, we study the moisture migration rule, nitrogen migration rule under diffirent N application, different types of soil and diffirent irrigation water, as well as the effects of water and nitrogen coordination on grapes physiological and growth. The results show that:(1) The root system of grape is rooted in 40 cm deep. The level and vertical moist peak of soil water increased with the increase of the amount of irrigation. The optimal irrigation water of aeolian soil is 9 m3·667m-2.The optimal irrigation water of gravel sand is less than 3 m3·667m-2. The optimal irrigation water of Irrigation silting soil is 6 m3·667m-2. The optimal irrigation water of Sierozem is 9 m3·667m-2.(2) Nitrate nitrogen migration is convective motion mainly; ammonium nitrogen migration is diffusion mainly. Nitrate moves as the moist peak.There is an accumulation of ammonium nitrogen in the soil.Ammonium nitrate nitrogen of light Sierozem concentration decreases with the increase of irrigation water. Irrigation water for ammonium nitrogen migration distance, with the increase of irrigation water, increase the nitrate vertical transport distance.When the irrigation water is 9 m3·667m-2, under the different soil texture moisture content of nitrate nitrogen concentration distribution in the body is different, When the soil is bulk density, the greater the concentration of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen are, the greater the performance shows: irrigation silting soi> gravel sand> light sierozem> aeolian soil.(3) The same application rate of nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen leaching concentration and the number of soil column proportional to the height, nitrate nitrogen is and soil column height. Sandy soil ammonium nitrogen leaching rate 7-8.5%, nitrate leaching amount is about 75%. The leaching amount of gravel soil ammonium nitrogen was 2-4%, nitrate leaching amount is 24-30%.(4) The N application rate is 370.63 kg·hm-2 when three years of wine grape gets maximum yield, t N application rate is 344.36 kg·hm-2 when three years of wine grape gets maximum profi. Moderate nitrogen could promote the growth of grapes and ascension of physiological indexes, but excess nitrogen causes too much growth of the grapes.