Study On Operating Principle Of Key Components And Optimized Design Of Overall Unit For Biogas Fertilizer Deep Applicator

As a result of rapid development of economy recently in China, the consumer demand on energy has increased year by year. The total energy demand has increased with the average 8% annual rate from 2.1 billion tons of standard coal in 2004 to 4.3 billion tons of standard coal in 2014 during the past 10 years. Searching for alternative energy to slow energy supply pressure is imminent in the face of the enormous energy demand. To solve the energy supply pressure, biogas engineering which is based on biogas fermentation technology has been the one of the hotspots of alternative energy. Biogas engineering alleviated the energy demand partly, however, the vigorous development brought about a problem, a large number of biogas slurry and biogas residues cannot be timely treated, especially for large and medium sized biogas engineering, biogas slurry and biogas residues that have the characteristics of large amount and continuation will pollute the environment without immediate treatment. Therefore, one of the important processing method is that biogas slurry and biogas residues are used as the base fertilizer.A machine matching with the basic fertilizer which the biogas manure is used as was developed to treat biogas manure effectively at Northeast Agricultural University. Considering the biogas slurry and biogas residues might block easily in the process of multipath distribution and transportation, even the conveying passage might be blocked completely by the accumulation of sediment with time increasing, a pulse type biogas manure anti-blocking distribution device is used to solve the above problem innovatively, and a invention patent of the fluidal mixed materials handling anti-blocking distribution device has been applied. The device built the dredge pipe and prevented block from the fundamental principles, but the working mechanism and structure is expected to be further studied.Therefore,the study combines the “Twelfth Five Year” national scientific and technological support project(project number:2011BAD15B04),made the working mechanism analysis and optimized design on the key component of the existing biogas fertilizer deep applicator:(1)Make sure that the working mechanism of anti-blocking distribution device is the water hammer theory,according to the theory and get the relationship between and the rotational speed and the block number, ultimately determine the blocking number from to 1 to 6 parameters of the combinations,corresponding to its rotational speed, provides the theory support for the following simulation.(2)Measure the physical characteristics and composition of biogas fertilizer,using CFX fluid dynamics simulation software to establish the fluid simulation model of anti-blocking distribution device,simulate the model of above 6 parameters, to find out the optimal parameter combination and the distribution of flow field.(3)Application of theory analysis and CFX simulation design the distribution cone which can improve the allocation efficiency of biogas fertilizer,and find out the parameters of cone taper which improves the efficiency of distribution the biogas slurry best; due to the presence of large particles in biogas slurry, to avoid the stuck phenomenon in the working process of anti-blocking distribution devic,designing the protection structure of block and spring telescopic rod which provides the necessary conditions of stability on anti-blocking distribution device.(4)According to the Soil test Handbook,measurement the physical properties of soil,using EDEM particle simulation software to establish the sticky soil particle model and combining with CATIA V5R20 3D software to simulate the working process of components for biogas fertilizer deep applicator,obtaine the soil resistance of working components,providing the theoretical basis for following engineering analysis.(5)By using CATIA engineering analysis module to make static analysis and modal analysis on the frame and anti-block distribution device ’ s shell of the existing biogas fertilizer deep machine respectively,test its reliability and stability and optimize its disadvantages.(6)Taken the parameters of optimized anti-blocking distribution device as final,draw the engineering drawings,and processing the visualizal experimental prototype.To test the works of anti-block distribution device,applying of high speed photography and sensors on the flow field within the device,and make further revision and improvement.Research results show that:due to the key components of biogas fertilizer deep applicator can make full use of the water hammer pressure pulse and vibration,can implement the function of the anti-blocking and unblocking,and opmized frame reduces the power of the traction power through weight reduction,at the same time optimized frame reduces the power of the traction power,optimized biogas fertilizer machine improves the efficiency of treatment the biogas slurry,and promotes the process of expanding use of the biogas fertilizer deep applicator,and the study of anti-blocking mechanism distribution device’s work provides theoretical foundation for the other mechanical device of treatment similar media.