QTL Analysis Of Anthocyanin And Proanthocyanidin Content And Research On The Relationship Between Yield Traits In Rice

Rice is the most important food crop in the world.For domestic and foreign researchers, the diet improved gradually, and it has become the focus on cultivating high quality rice varieties which contains a variety of nutrients in today of the gradual improved diet. Due to the pigments deposited in grain pericarp, colored rice has been showing a particular color. Colored rice contain numerous nutrients and physiologically active substances which are beneficial to humans, therefore colored rice have been favored by consumers.Anthocyanins(Anthocyanin, AN) and Proanthocyanidins(Proanthocyanidin, PA) are main pigment substance in colored rice. It is important to analysis content of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in rice and QTL mapping and GE interaction, which plays an important role in molecular breeding methods and offer some information for cultivating high pigment content in new colored rice varieties. Trough the study on the correlation between content of anthocyanin, proanthocyanidin and yield traits, clear relationship between trats above all and balance the active substance of anthocyanins,proanthocyanidins and yield traits, which can provide a theoretical basis for new colored rice varieties.In this study, red rice Hongxiang1 and a widely cultivated rice Song98-131 were used as female and male parent, respectively. The two parents and the population derived from the parents, which consisted of F7 and F8 recombinant inbred lines(RILs), were used as experimental materials.In 2013, the materials were grown at Northeast Agricultural University’s experimental base(E1) and Acheng experimental base(E2). And in 2014, they were grown at Northeast Agricultural University’s experimental base(E3), Acheng experimental base(E4) and Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Suihua(E5). Determinating of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins contents and in rice seed, investigating yield traits including number of panicles per plant(PN),panicle length(PL), number of grains per panicle(GN),seed setting rate(SSR) and yield per plant(YP),1000 grains weight(TG),and analysis the genetic variation and correlation between the traits. With SSR molecular markers mapping the traits above all and detecting the effects of QTL additive, epistasis and QE interaction. The results are as follows:(1) In different environments, anthocyanins and proanthocyanidin contents of identification values of traits in rice seed indicated that Hongxiang1 is significantly higher than Song98-131, while on the yield traits, the traits of seed setting rate(SSR) and 1000 grains weight(TWG) of Song98-131 is IV significantly higher than Hongxiang1,the traits of panicle length(PL) and number of grains per panicle(GN) of Song98-131 is obviously higher than Hongxiang1, the traits of yield per plant(YP) and panicles per plant(PN) has no significant difference.(2) Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin content in rice seed are showed positive correlation in different environments. Anthocyanin and proanthocyanidin content are showed significant positive correlation in environment E1,E3 and E4, showed highly significant positive correlation in environment E2 and E5. anthocyanins contents and panicle length(PL) are showed significant positive correlation,anthocyanins and 1000 grain weight(TG) are showed highly significant negative correlation. Proanthocyanidin content and yield per plant(YP) are showed significant negative correlation, proanthocyanidin content and seed setting rate(SSR) are showed significant positive correlation. Yield per plant(YP) and panicles per plant(PN),panicle length(PL), number of grains per panicle(GN) are showed significant positive correlation respectively, panicle length(PL) and number of grains per panicle(GN) are showed highly significant positive correlation. In the breeding process of colored rice, we can choose a longer panicle length, lower grain weight to indirect plant of high anthocyanin content with active substances, choose a low yield per plant to indirect plant of high proanthocyanidins content active substance content, so as to provide a reference for breeding new varieties of colored rice.(3) Genetic linkage maps were constructed using Mapchart 2.2 mapping software, and the RIL consisted of 190 as the mapping populations. The maps contained 102 SSR markers loeated on 12 chromosomes. The full-length of the map is 1599.49 c M, and the average distance is 15.68 c M Marker numbers.(4) 8 addictive QTLs related to contents of anthocyadin in grain are detected,located on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10,contribution rate from3.55% to 11.37% of the phenotypic variation; 4 QE QTLs were detected respectively q AN-1-1, q AN-2-1, q AN-4 and q AN-10, 4 pairs of epistatic QTL were detected, located on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 10, 2 pairs of epistatic QTL showed QTL×environment interactions.(5) 6 addictive QTLs related to contents of proanthocyanidin in grain were detected,located on chromosome 1, 4, 7, 12, contribution rate from 2.56% to 7.59% of the phenotypic variation, 3 QE QTLs were detected respectively q PA-1-2, q PA-4 and q PA-12. The epistatic QTL was not detected.(6) 25 addictive QTLs related to yield traits were detected,located on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 12, contribution rate from1.84% to 10.93% of the phenotypic variation. 3 addictive QTLs related to yield per plant(YP) were detected,located on chromosome 6, 7, 10, contribution rate from1.84% to 7.55% of the phenotypic variation. 5 addictive QTLs related to contents of panicles per plant(PN) were detected,located on chromosome 3, 6, 7, 8, contribution rate from 3.84% to 6.36% of the phenotypic variation.7 addictive QTLs related to contents of panicle length(PL) were detected,located on chromosome 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 12, contribution rate from 3.43% to 10.93% of the phenotypic variation. 14 QE QTLs were detected respectively q YP-10, q PN-3, q PN-6, q PN-7-1, q PL-2-2, q PL-7-1, q PL-8-1, q PL-8-2, q GN-1-1, q GN-8-1, q GN-8-2, q SS-12, q TWG-1-1 and q TWG-1-2. 11 pairs of epistatic QTL were detected, showed QTL×environment interactions.(7) Compared with previous studies, this study detected anthocyanin content QTL q An-8 and q An-10 located on chromosome 8, 10 were the new discovered sites of QTL.