The Difference Analysis Of The Gene Expression Of Meat Quality Candidate Genes And Its The Relation Of Meat Quality In Different Porcine Breeds

With the continuous improvement of people’s living standard, people have higher demands for meat quality. Wei pigs which are tasty and juicy and Anqing Liubai pigs which are meat and fat dual-purpose type pigs are all the excellent local breeds in Anhui province. This study is on the Anhui local breeds Wei pigs and Anqing Liubai pigs compared with world-class lean-type pig Landraces. Shear force, pork color, pH value, inosinic acid (IMP) and intramuscular fat (IMF) content are all examined. Some correlation methods were taken to determine all sorts of meat quality indices to analyse the difference of IMP, IMF and other related indices in three breeds. The RealTime-PCR method was taken to examine the IMP-related genes ADSL and GARS-AIRS-GART and IMF related genes DGAT1 and DECR1 expression levels in liver, heart and longissimus dorsi muscle.The study is on the correlation between each index for meat quality, the expression level of four genes and their correlation with the meat quality indices of different breeds.The results are as follows:1 The comparison of meat quality indices among the Wei pigs, Liubai pigs and LandracesThe L* of and Liubai pigs and Landraces are highly significantly higher than that of Wei pigs(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of L* between Wei pigs and Liubai pigs; The a* of and Liubai pigs and Wei pigs are highly significantly higher than that of Landraces(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of a* between Wei pigs and Liubai pigs; The b* of Liubai pigs are highly significantly higher than Landraces and Wei pigs(P<0.01), the b* of Landraces are significantly higher than Wei pigs(P< 0.01); Both the pH1h and pH24h of Landraces and Liubai pigs are highly significantly higher than Wei pigs(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of pHih and pH24h between Liubai pigs and Landraces; The shear force of Liubai pigs are highly significantly higher than Landraces and Wei pig(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of shear force between Landraces and Wei pigs. The result indicates the the tenderness of Wei pigs and Landraces are better in the three breeds.The IMP of Landraces are significantly higher than Liubai pigs and Wei pigs(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of IMP between Wei pigs and Liubai pigs; The IMF of Wei pigs and Liubai pigs are significantly higher than Landraces(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of IMF between Wei pigs and Liubai pigs.2 The ADSL and GARS-AIRS-GART gene and DGAT1 and DECR1 gene expression levels in liver, heart and longissimus dorsi muscle of Wei pigs, Liubai pigs and LandracesThe expression patterns of ADSL in the same tissues of three breeds are different. The ADSL gene expression level in liver of Wei pigs are highly significantly and significantly higher than Liubai pig(P<0.01) and Landraces(P<0.01) respectively; the ADSL gene expression level in heart of Wei pigs and Landraces are significantly higher than Liubai pigs(P< 0.05), the ADSL gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Wei pigs are significantly higher than Liubai pigs(P<0.01) and Landraces(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of that between Liubai pigs and Landraces, the expression patterns of ADSL in different tissues of three breeds are fundamentally the same which showed a trend that the ADSL gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle is the highest, followed by the heart, the liver is the lowest and the expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle is significantly higher than the liver of Wei pigs(P<0.01).The expression patterns of GARS-AIRS-GART in the same tissues of three breeds are different, the GARS-AIRS-GART gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Landraces is significantly higher than Liubai pigs(P<0.01), there was no significant difference of that between others, the expression patterns of GARS-AIRS-GART in different tissues of three breeds are fundamentally the same, which showed a trend that the GARS-AIRS-GART gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle is the highest, followed by the liver, the heart is the lowest.The expression patterns of DGAT1 in the same tissues of three breeds are different, the DGAT1 gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Landraces is highly significantly higher than heart and liver(P<0.01) and the result showed a trend that DGATI gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Wei pigs and Liubai pigs are higher than heart and liver; the expression patterns of DGATI in different tissues of three breeds are fundamentally the same, which showed a trend that the DGATI gene expression level in Wei pigs is the highest, followed by the Liubai pigs, the Landraces is the lowest.The expression patterns of DECR1 in the same tissues of three breeds are fundamentally the same. The DECR1 gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Landraces is significantly higher than heart and liver(P<0.05) and the result showed a trend that DECRI gene expression level in longissimus dorsi muscle of Wei pigs and Liubai pigs are higher than heart and liver; the expression patterns of DECR1 in different tissues of three breeds are different, the DECR1 gene expression level in Landraces is significantly higher than Wei pigs and Liubai pigs(P<0.05), there was no significant difference of that between others.3 The correlation analysis of the expression level and meat quality traitsBy the comparative analysis between ADSL gene expression level and pH1hand pH24h, the paper finds that there is a moderate positive correlation between the ADSL gene expression level in heart of Liubai pigs and pHih(P<0.05) and a a high positive correlation between ADSL gene expression level in the heart of Landraces and pH1h(P<0.05). There is no significant correlation between ADSL gene expression level and pH24h; There is a moderate positive correlation between the GARS-AIRS-GART gene expression level in heart and longissimus dorsi muscle of Liubai pigs with pH24h(P<0.05), there is no significant correlation between GARS-AIRS-GART gene expression level and pHih. The results of correlation analysis indicated that there is a highly significant positive correlation between pHih and pH24h, pH1h and L*, pH1h and b*, a highly significant negative correlation between pH1h and a*, pH24h and a*.Taking Liubai pigs as a example, there is a highly significant negative correlation between DGAT1 gene expression level in heart of Liubai pigs and shear force(P<0.01); There is a highly significant positive correlation between DECR1 gene expression level in heart of Liubai pigs and drip loss, BFT and fat rate(P<0.01).Taking Liubai pigs as a example, with the comparative analysis between IMF content and carcass traits or meat quality indices, we find that IMF content has a highly positive correlation with backfat thickness, fat rate, carcass weight and marbling and has a highly negative correlation with moisture.