| The study on the compound eye external morphology and microstructure and phototactic behaviour of Athetis lepigone adult by the method of histological anatomy and optical behavior, the main results were as follows:1. The compound eyes of A. lepigone with a shape of halp sphere, and formed an upended typeface of the Chinese figure “eight†on the head. There were about 2800 ommatidia in the eye of the female, and about 3600 in that of the male. The surface of ommatidium was slight convex and hexagon, ommstidium was irregular polygon at ventral region and dorsal region of femal and central region and dorsal region of male, arranged closely just like beehive. There were setiform sensillae between the ommatidia on the exterior of compound eyes, the length and distribution of sensillae were different.2. The composition of A. Lepigone ommatidium structure were as follows: cornea, crystalline cone cell, crystalline cone, retinula cell column, rhabdom, trachea, basal cell and basement membrane, 2 primary iris pigment cells and 6 secondary iris pigment cells which surrounded ommatidium. The microstructre of compound eye showed difference under different conditions of light adaptation and dark adaptation. When dark adapted, secondary iris pigment particles were distributed from the proximal of crystalline cone to the distal retinula cell column; while light adapted, they were distributed between crystalline cone and rhabdom. Under the same condition of light, there was no significant differences in the compound eyes between the male and female.3. Spectra showed effects on the phototactic behavior of A. Lepigone. The phototacticrate of adults were strong(≥56%) in the range of 340nm-605 nm. There were four peaks of spectral sensitivity response in female adults, 360nm(ultraviolet), 440nm(blue light), 524 nm, 562nm(green light), and 605nm(orange light) respectively, the response rate were 75.00%, 72.00%, 72.50%, 72.50% and 71.50%; The male adults have a higher phototactic rate in 360 nm, 380nm(ultraviolet), 440nm(blue light), 498nm(green light), 605nm(orange light) respectively, the response rate of phototaxis were 73.00%, 71.00%, 71.50%, 70.00% and 69.00%. The sex to response to the spectral sensitivity was slightly different, phototactic rate of male was significantly higher than that of female in 483nm(blue light), in other wavelengths, the rate of phototaxis was not significant between females and males. Both male and female adults of Athetis lepigone showed an extremely low photophobic rate(≤ 4.00%).4. Light intensity had effects on phototactic behavior of A. Lepigone. In a certain of ranges of light intensity(Log I=4.5-0.0), both male and female adults of A. Lepigone. Responsed positively to stimulates of lights intensities at different levels. Under the white light stimulate, light intensity led to increasing of phototactic rate, but when it reached to the level of Log I=0.5-0.0, phototactic rate decreased. At 360 nm, phototactic rate increased with the increasing of intensity light when intensity was relative low(Log I=4.5-2.0), and reached peak at Log I=2.0, and decreased with the increasing of intensity. when confronted at 440 nm, 524 nm, 498 nm and 605 nm, A. Lepigone. showed a relatively higher phototactic ratio with low light intensity and decreased t intensity. Male reacted stronger than female in reaction to light intensity. |
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