| Changbai Mountain area has a plant number of species of temperate plants which are relicts of ancient time. In Chinese strategic planning of ecological security, the forests and wetlands of it are regarded as frameworks to act as ecological shelter zone in the Northeast Plain. Forest-peatland compound ecosystem is one kind of common ecosystems. It is a kind of complicated ecosystem with multi-aspects of water conservation which are valuable in scientific research.This thesis’s aim is to explore the conservation of common forest-peatland compound ecosystem and individually by comprehensive method of water storage capacity in both growing season and non-growing season. The main point of this article is to discusses the distribution of snow accumulation, canopy interception, water conservation in soil, permeability of the soil, runoff of precipitation and water level of peatland eta. in meadow peatland ecosystem, forest peatland ecosystem and forest ecosystem in order to evaluate the functions of water conservation of the three ecosystems of many aspects.The results of the research are (1) the snow distribution in forest-peatland compound ecosystem is not equal, snow depth result is meadow peatland (49.9cm)>forest peatland (48.5cm)>forest (28.6cm); density of snow is forest (31.72g/100cm3)>meadow peatland (29.94g/100cm3)>forest petland (28.45g/100cm3); snow water equivalent result is meadow peatland (14.99cm)>forest peatland (13.76cm)>forest(9.40cm). (2) The average canopy cover in forest peatland in growing season is 51%, the max canopy interception of precipitation is 10.03mm, which can make water conservation for 100.3t/hm2;the average canopy cover is forest in growing season is 68%, the max canopy interception of precipitation is 17.03mm,which can make water conservation for 170.3 t/hm2. (3) The percentage of saturated water content of meadow peatland soil is 814.26%, which contains saturated water in 50cm soil for 4852.004 t/hm2;the percentage of saturated water content of forest peatland soil is 678.76%, which contains saturated water is 50cm soil for 4798.001 t/hm2; the percentage of the litter saturated water content of forest ecosystem is 275.75%, with the effective interception of precipitation is 97.44 t/hm2, and the pore water content in soil is 3612.30 t/hm2 in surface of 60cm. (4) The runoff rate of is little compared to the precipitation amount in the ecosystems in the catchment, the runoff rates of the five catchment area are B1 (11.81%)>B2 (9.03%)>A2 (6.75%)>A1 (1.05%)>C1 (1.00%); (5) In growing seasons, the amount of water conservation in meadow peatland ecosystem is 4852.004 t/hm2;the amount of water conservation in forest peatland is 4898.301 t/hm2; the amount of water conservation in forest ecosystem 3880.04 t/hm2. (6) The peak water level in meadow peatland is higher than forest peatland in rainy season; there is no significant difference in the duration of water release between them; the valley water level in forest peatland is significantly lower in meadow peatland in dry season; forest peatland suffers more critical hydrological fluctuation compared to meadow peatland; in the research scale of the whole catchment area, the response of precipitation can be separated into parts as follows, in the first outflow of the catchment is one the peak soon after the precipitation, in the second the amount of outflow declines fast, at last the amount of outflow recovers to stability. |
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