| With the advance of industrialization and rapid economic development, demand for coal continues to rise, the amount of coal mining is growing, China’s largest coal- by coal surface mining capacity has continued to increase, a wider range, from the sand, mixed media sand, gravel, coal, cinder, etc. piled consisting of a variety of large dump spread, the number of giant. Dump the top after several rolling dense, major capacity, production flow, easily together into streams, severe erosion slope, Dump Slope loose, resulting in rill, collapse, such as the main gully soil erosion, thereby Dump Slope become the birthplace of a new frequency of soil erosion, making slope stability, reduce soil erosion and wind erosion eroded slope mining environmental governance to become the new content. Therefore, this paper chooses opencast coal mine in Inner Mongolia Erdos Yongli as the research base, using field survey, monitoring and field runoff cell location Scouring experiment of combining research methods, reveals Runoff and sediment processes Dump configuration under no biological measures, minus water conservation effect, impact resistance, rill distribution and other characteristics, as Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner mine ecological environment provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the recovery, has important scientific significance and value of production. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) In different vegetation coverage measures, adsurgens, straw curtain covered the strongest type of runoff regulation, adsurgens and straw mulch types runoff control, followed slipcovers relatively bare reduce runoff was 84.10% and 82.02%, adsurgens type of water-reducing effect of the center, sea buckthorn, adsurgens, Salix mixing box type water reducing the worst, compared with 32.44% decrease bare. Sea buckthorn, adsurgens, Salix mixing box type water-reducing effect by the strong influence of rain. In the rain intensity, for runoff control effect is obvious; and in the conditions of strong rain, runoff regulation ineffective.(2) In the five drainage flow, sediment concentration fluctuation of the three types of slopes are great. Seabuckthorn + adsurgens measures cell and sea buckthorn + adsurgens + Salix grid cell runoff sediment concentration with prolonged, with the first decrease after the change process appears volatility decline. With drainage increase in traffic, average sediment in two cells gradually reduce protection measures, vegetation protection measures have effects of sediment reduction. With bare average sediment runoff prolonged decreasing trend after the first increase. Both vegetation measures seabuckthorn + adsurgens + average sediment Salix grid cell measures lower, indicating that sea buckthorn + adsurgens effects of sediment reduction measures Salix checkered best combination.(3)Soil erosion on the slope by the coefficient under different vegetation measures found two vegetation measures will affect the impact of soil slope. Compared with the bare slope, slope Soil erosion resistance of vegetation measures have significantly increased, alfalfa vegetation slope soil erosion improved 6.84 times, adsurgens vegetation Slope erosion improved 5.31 times. Soil erosion resistance of alfalfa to improve the best.(4) Three slope control measures can effectively reduce soil bulk density, soil porosity increases, loose soil, to improve soil slope, reducing rill erosion, Salix box + adsurgens + sea buckthorn control measures within a year reduce small slope erosion was only 5%, after five years the amount of 91.89% reduce erosion, reducing erosion slope best. In dump construction, engineering measures should increase as more water drains timely export dump platform catchment. |
