The Research Of Ecological And Physiological Characteristics And Production Capacity On Different Genotypes Of Wheats

Superior properties of seeds were the internal conditions for high yield and good quality wheat, while proper environments and cultivation practices were the external conditions, diffe rent genotyped wheat often showed variant yield performance, in order to revel the internal m echanism of wheat productivity, a field test was conducted at an experimental station of Shaa nxi Doukou, 14 representative genotyped wheat varieties supplied by Northwest A&F univers ity were selected to investigate grain-filling characteristics, photosynthetic traits, stem lodgin g resistance and grain qualities of wheat, and the impacts of grain-filling characteristics, phot osynthetic traits, stem lodging resistance on wheat yield performance and yield components were also analyzed. The main results were as follows:1. The grain dry weight dynamics followed the rule of "S" type increasing curve, and the whole grain-filling process could be divided into three different stages(fast-slow-fast) according to the rate of grain-filling. The Logistic equation to simulate(R﹥0.993), the parameters of the grouting features. Grain weight with Vm, V, and correlation coefficient of correlation coefficient of V2, has very significant positive correlation level(P < 0.01); And Tm, T1, V1 and V3 correlation coefficient of correlation coefficient, in order, was significantly positively related to flat(P < 0.05); There was no significant correlation with T, T2 and T3. Grain quality is mainly composed of the average filling rate and maximum grouting rate stage, fast filling rate and increasing the duration of the decision, and filling duration and fast phase increases the duration of the relationship was not significant. Growing period of growth is beneficial to expand capacity, conducive to the increase of grain weight. V of Nongda 1108 is 1.64 g.d-1 which is the largest one. Vm of nongda 1108 is 2.99 g.d-1, 11.68% higher than other genotypes. Vm and V2 of Xiaoyan 18 are 3.46 g.d-1 and 3.03 g.d-1.2. There were huge disparities among photosynthetic characteristics of different genotyped wheats. Flowering period and the ratooning buds of the flag leaf net photosynthetic rate and grain number per spike correlation coefficient was 0.56 and 0.56, respectively(P < 0.05), the flag leaf net photosynthetic rate and thousand seed weight at the kernel-filling stage of correlation coefficient were 0.61(P < 0.05), the flag leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate change trend of first increases then decreases, the change trend of intercellular CO2 concentration, on the other hand. At anthesis, nongda 1108 net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, the largest of 18.35μmol·m-2·s-1 in grain filling period, xinong 622, the highest net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, 24.20μmol·m-2·s-1, in the milk stage, nongda 1108 net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf, the largest 16.78μmol·m-2·s-1.3. Lodging rate is closely associated with basal features in the second quarter, and the correlation coefficient between lodging rate and the base of mechanical strength in the second quarter was- 0.972(P < 0.01), and the basal wall thickness in the second quarter, nearly dry weight and the base of the second quarter in the second quarter of the stem and high center of gravity is significantly negative correlation(P < 0.05), the stem base of mechanical strength in the second quarter, the greater the wall more thick, dry weight, enrichment degree is higher, the greater the lodging rate the smaller, the stronger the stem lodging resistance. Appropriate to reduce the center of gravity of the plant height, plant height can be reduced to enhance plant lodging resistance. Nongda 1108 and xiaoyan 18 are 5.31 and 4.62 N ·cm2, mechanical strength, and other significant genotype differences; Nongda 1108 and xiaoyan 18 the wall thickness of more than 0.60 mm, 16.21% higher than other genotypes; The base of the xiaoyan 18 second internode fullness degree after xinong 121 31.0 mg·m- 1. xiaoyan 18 and nongda 1108 stalks are of good quality and strong lodging resistance.4. Grain protein content, sedimentation value, dough stability time and dough maximum tensile ductility resistance of Shannong 33 are the highest, which were respectively 16.45%, 43.35 m L and 14.13 min, 160.84 and 323.74 mm. Xinong 3517, xiaoyan 18, xinong 538, isolated and wet gluten content of shannong 33 agriculture reached the requirements of high gluten wheat, xiaoyan 22, xinong 815, xinong 509, xinong 223, xinong 512, nongda 1108 and xinong 622 gluten wheat in wet gluten reach requirements. Isolated, AD110 and xiaoyan 18 maximum subsidence value, 18.23% more than other genotypes. Xiaoyan 18, xinong 3517, isolated and xinong 538 reached a high-protein, high quality- wet gluten content and stable time of strong gluten wheat.5. Disparities of grain yield performances and yield compositions of different genotyped wheats were observed. Xiaonyan 22, Xinong 538, Xinong 815 and AD110 have more effective panicles than other genotypes, all had an increment ofmore than 630 x 104·hm-2; Xinong 121, most of the spike grain number, 43.0 grains per ear, followed by nongda 1108 and xinong 622; thousand grain quality of xiaoyan 18 is the largesr one, 54 g, with other genotypes have significant differences; 14 material grain yield an average of 7497.36 kg·hm-2, and extremely significant differences between different genotypes, Xinong 121 and Nongda 121 yield performances were the best, which were respectively 8598.26 and 8413.69 kg·hm-2, 1008 kg per hectare than other genotypes.