| In order to investigate the fertilizer on the growth and yield of maize, and the population physiological index of super high-yield maize, Zhengdan 958, the most famous maize variety in China, was planted at Northeast Agricultural University Experiment Station, in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, with different proportion of urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate according to "3414" design, in 2013. According to preliminary results, we plan contrast test, the high yield and the comparison in 2014. Investigate the dynamic plant height, leaf area and dry matter and chlorophyll content, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of leaf and stems, the content of soluble sugar in different growth stages. Measured and calculated leaf area index(LAI), photosynthetic potential(LAD), net assimilation rate(NAR), C/N, and yield data of two years. The results showed that:1. The plant high of high-yield variety Zhengdan958(over 15t/ha) can descripted with the logistic equation Y = 273.0812 /(1 + EXP(3.8667-0.097149X)). Leaf area was exponential increase before spinning, and slowly decrease nearly linearity after spinning. Leaf area index were 1.23,2.33,6.68,7.73,6.26 and 5.55 in the 5-leaf stage, jointing stage, large bell, silking stage, milk stage and full maturity, respectively. A density of 60,000 plant/ ha, total grains per square meter was over 4418, 100 grain weight was over 34.8g.2. Zhengdan958 is a strong source and weaker sink. Its leaves source spatial distribution is special, and the largest leaves were not the thr-leaves of ear, but the underlayer 1-2 leaves. Maximum leaf area index of contrast test reached 7.73 and 6.68, respectively. Zhengdan958 higher fertilizer use efficiency is key reason of the source of strong. Zhengdan958 is not big ear cultivars, planting density under 60,000 / ha, the average kernal number is about 660, the number of abortion kernel is little, and the second ear poorly developed, less impact on yield, Zhengdan958 yield by second ear adjustment is limited. So it is suitable for high density, reducing individual sink and increasing the population sink and yield while no-reducing population source and decrease individual source.3. Zhengdan958 have higher nutrient use efficiency, especially when previous crop have more phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer may not be used to reduce costs and improve productivity. Under the climate and soil conditions at the Northeast Agricultural University station in Harbin, nitrogen fertilizer 225 kg / hm2, potassium 121-182.875 kg / hm2, without applying fertilizer, can get the highest yield 15 t / hm2.。Nutrition index of Zhengdan958(over 15t/ha), nitrogen content of the plant should be higher than 4.7%, potassium content should be about 2.01% at 5 leaf stage; nitrogen content of ear thr-leaves is in the range of 2.78%-2.98%,phosphorus content should be 0.38%-0.42%, potassium content should be greater than 1.72% at silking stage; nitrogen content of leaves is greater than 1.4%, higher than 0.2% phosphorus, potassium content should be higher than 1.12% at ripening stage. Zhengdan958 achieve 15t/hm2 needs to absorb N, P, K, 363.3kg/hm2, 74.2kg/hm2and362.3kg/hm2, respectively, at north cold region. |
PDF Full Text Request