Effects Of Foliar Fertilizer On The Growth And Physiological Characteristics Of Camellia Oleifera Container Seedlings

"Fengyang-1 "seedlings in pots were tested on the effection of foliar fertilizer on Camellia oleifera container seedlings growth and development were studied. Four kinds of foliar fertilizers such as urea, seaweed essence, water soluble fertilizer of balance type(Hereinafter referred to as the balance type) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were sprayed to seedlings in the experiment,and took water as control. Spraying started from the April 1st and sprayed every 15 days for 3 times. The paper compared their increment, physiological and biochemical indexes,leaf anatomical structure and nutrient contents under different treatment.The author also analyzed to screen the foliar fertilizer which could be the most suitable for seedlings growth and development,and then provide technical support for fine seedling breeding work. The results were as follows:1. Compared with the control, all these foliar fertilizers could increase the growth of container seedlings, while the shooting rate, length and sickness of shoots, new leaves number and size of seedlings and the number of branches under seaweed essence were all the largest which respectively reached 97%,8.88cm,2.47cm,25.83, 5.45×2.99cm and 8.2, but these under balance type were the least(83%,4.22cm,1.75cm,16.27,4.98x2.75cm and 6.2).Moreover, the aboveground biomass, underground biomass and root/shoot ratio under seaweed essence were the largest with balance type being the least either.2. The order from high to low of net photosynthetic rate was seaweed essence, urea, balance type, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and CK which respectively reached10.982μmol·m-2·s-1,9.423μmol·m-2·s-1,8.586μmol·m-2·s-1,8.542μmol·m-2·s-1 and 7.563μmol·m-2·s-1.At the same time transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 density, and light use efficiency were all with the same prospect. In addition, the SLW and chlorophyll content of seaweed essence all reached largest which increased 30.03% and 56.73% compared with CK.3. Relative water content of leaves increasing extent of seaweed essence was the biggest and balance type was the smallest which increased 4.3% and 1.1% compared with CK.The order of resistance value of new leaves and shoot was CK> balance type> potassium dihydrogen phosphate> urea> seaweed essence。4. Compared with urea and balanced fertilizer, seaweed essence and potassium dihydrogen phosphate could effectively increase the soluble sugar, free proline content and protective enzyme such as POD, CAT and SOD activity of leaves, moreover reduce the relative conductivity and soluble protein content of leaves. However in improving soluble protein content and root activity with seaweed essence was the best, and urea was the next.5.All these foliar fertilizers could increase the thickness of leaves, upper and lower epidermis, palisade tissue, palisade to spongy ratio and CTR comparing with water control; All of the above indexes except upper epidermis thickness of seaweed essence were the highest (552.33 μm,28.51μm,248.92μm,1.12,45%), and those of potassium dihydrogen phosphate were the lowest (496.06μm,18.73μm,194.52μm,0.85, 39%).6.After spraying these 4 foliar fertilizers, N, P, K, Ca, Mg content of plant, root, stem and leaves all increased differently compared with the control. The results of the analysis were as follows:(1)N content of seedlings with urea was the highest which reached 24.629g/kg, while balance type was the lowest which was 18.268 g/kg; In roots, stems under urea was also the highest,but in leaves under seaweed essence was the biggest, in addition it in every part with balance type was the lowest.(2)P content of seedlings with seaweed essence was the highest which was 7.701 g/kg and balance type was the lowest(23.096g/kg); It in roots, stems and leaves with seaweed essence were all the highest, in roots and leaves with balance type were the lowest, but in stems with urea was the lowest.(3)K content in seedlings under seaweed essence reached 26.838g/kg was the highest, but the lowest was urea(23.096g/kg); K content in roots and stems under spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate reached the highest, and it in leaves with seaweed essence was the highest, however K content in all parts under urea was the minimum.(4)Seaweed essence had best promoted Mg and Ca in seedlings,while balance type was the worst; Mg and Ca of roots, stems and leaves under seaweed essence were also the highest,while balance type were the lowest.To sum up, the best foliar fertilizer in the reaserch is seaweed essence.