Soil Family Classification Of Typical Soil In Henan Province

Soil family is the low category classification in soil taxonomy, which is an important component of soil taxonomy. It is not only the basis of soil survey and mapping, but also have important significance on production practices. Chinese Soil Taxonomy started late, the domestic research of soil family is few. Therefore, from the soil family’s principles and basis to explore having important significance whether to improve the Chinese Soil Taxonomy or quantify and internationalize soil classification. This article hopes to classify the soil family of 16 typical soil profile in Henan province, providing basis for enrichment and improvement low category classification of Chinese Soil Taxonomy.This paper selects 16 typical soil profiles in Henan Province, according to the principles and the basis of Chinese Soil Taxonomy to identify the diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics, divided advanced classification, and make recommendations to keys to soil taxonomy. It determine the soil family of typical soils based on the principles and basis of soil family, make the soil family division clearly, prove the soil temperature boundaries in Henan province within Funiu Mountain, Shaying River area, and contrast the concept, principle and naming of soil family and soil genus, analyze their similarities and differences.In this paper, the main research results are as follows:First, make advanced classification of Henan typical soil profile by identifying the diagnostic horizons and diagnostic characteristics, belonging to four orders:Anthrosols, Argosols, Cambosols, Primosols. Make suggestions to keys to soil taxonomy:Calcic evidence to keys to calcareous soils subgroup, add Calcaric Hapli-Ustic Cambosols. Second, discibe control section, Particle-size classes and their substitutes, Mineralogy, Calcareous and reaction classes, Soil temperature classes. Make the classification of soil family clearly. Results of previous studies show that the boundary of Henan Mesic and Thermic soil temperature regime is not the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River Line. This article collect relevant information, and compare with average temperature diagram of Henan Province, confirmed the boundary is near Funiu Mountain, the Shaying River area. Thrid, contrast soil family and soil genus. Soil family and soil genus belong to different classification system. But in their classification system status and division basis are roughly same, except that Soil family has four division basis, and soil genus focusing on a major division basis, and Soil family based on quantitative, soil genus emphasizing on the qualitative description. Contrast mainly divided bases:Particle-size classes and their substitutes and soil texture, mineralogy and soil parent material type. The control section of soil contains a lot of rock debris, particle size class is better to reflect the shape of the soil, but the particle size of the class divide in the loam and clay loam rating compared wide, need to be further refined; underlying parent material is often not the overlying soil parent material, because of depending on Particle-size classes and their substitutes, the mineralogy can not reflect the combination of the soil mineralogy; and finally compare soil family and soil genus of typical soils of Henan Province, find that the two do not belong to one-to-one relationship. The same soil genus because of the different physical and chemical properties of soil can be divided into different soil family, the soils having same soil properties can be assigned to the same soil family, but because of the different parent materials and other division basis can be divided into different soil genus.