The Study On Biological Fermentation To Improve Thequality Of Rapeseed Meal

The study was conducted to ferment rapeseed meal by different microbial, optimization of fermentation conditions, and then evaluated the nutritional value of fermented rapeseed meal by broiler trials. The study was divided into two parts. The first part was to obtain the optimal combination and optimized fermentation conditions by solid state fermentation; The second part was to evaluate the nutritional value of fermented rapeseed meal by broiler trials. Then we can provide a scientific basis for the rapeseed meal resource utilization.Experiment 1 Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus niger, Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain and three strains(named as T-1, T-2, T-3) screened from soil were used to ferment rapeseed meal respectively. The strains which got low glucosinolate, tannic, crude fiber content and improved TCA, protein solubility in rapeseed meal after fermentation were selected and mixed in different proportions, to obtain the optimal combination and optimized fermentation conditions. The results showed that: 1) Single strain fermentation with Bacillus licheniformis, Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain and T-1 could get the best effects. Bacillus licheniformis could reduce glucosinolate, tannic contents significantly(P <0.05), T-1 could improve TCA and protein solubility(P <0.05), Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain can reduce crude fiber significantly(P <0.05); 2) Mixed fermentation with Bacillus licheniformis, Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain and T-1 could get optimal effect by 1: 2: 2 ratio. Fermented rapeseed meal 48 h under 37 ℃ with effective bacteria of 109 CFU / m L, 10% inoculum size, feed water ratio in 1: 0.6, the degradation rate of glucosinolate、tannic and crude fiber were 89.4% 28.6% and 14.0%, respectively(P <0.05), TCA and protein solubility improved 254.0% and 31.6%, respectively(P <0.05).Experiment 2 This study was to evaluate the nutritional value of fermented rapeseed meal by broiler trials. One hundred and forty 1-day-old Cobb broilers were randomly divided into 5 treatments, each treatment had 4 replicates and each replicates had 7 broilers. The broilers were fed basal diets in which part of unfermented rapeseed meal were replaced by 25%,50%,75%,100% fermented rapeseed meal. The experiment lasted for 42 days, recorded feed intake and weigh gain during the trial, at 21 day and 42 day, two broilers were taken out from every replicate randomly,and jugular bloodletting to dealth. The results showed that: 1) There was no effect on average daily feed intake in each group(P>0.05); 2) Fermented rapeseed meal significantly increased the average daily gain of 21-day-old broilers(P <0.05), and significantly reduced the feed conversion ratio(P <0.05); 3) With the increase of fermented rapeseed meal, liver and thyroid index in each group had a downward trend, but not significant(P>0.05); 4) There were no different effect on serum AST、ALT、TP、ALB and BUN among all groups(P>0.05); With 100% of fermented rapeseed meal substitute of unfermented, it significantly increased serum FT3、FT4 in starter and FT3 in grower(P <0.05).Conclusion: In this study, all the strains can improve the quality of rapeseed meal, and different strains have different effects, Bacillus licheniformis, Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain and T-1 could get the best effects. There are different effects in different proportions, mixed fermentation with Bacillus licheniformis, Cellulosimicrobium funkei strain and T-1 in 1: 2: 2 ratio, fermented 48 h under 37 ℃, with effective bacteria of 109 CFU / m L, 10% inoculum size, feed water ratio in 1: 0.6, under such conditions, it can effectively reduce the anti-nutritional factors in rapeseed meal, and improve its nutritional value. The broiler trials show that fermented rapeseed meal can improve average daily gain and reduce the feed conversion ratio of broilers, and reduce the impact on the thyroid, fermented rapeseed meal can improve broiler performance.