Germplasm Distribution Of Nosema Spp. In Apis Mellifera In China And Proteomic Analysis In Apis Mellifera Midgut Infected By Nosema Cerana

As a model insect, honeybee is an important pollination insect. Microsporidiosis is an important disease caused by microsporidia(Nosema spp.)in adult honeybee. It doesn’t only affect the digestive system and reduce the immunity of honeybee. At the same time, it also can induce the decline of queen’s breeding ability, and eventually leads to the greatly decline of Colony situation. There are two species of microsporidia that can infect honeybee, including Nosema apis and Nosema cerana. According to the current international reports, we can find that Nosema cerana has been an important parasite in Apis mellifera, and make much loss in Apis mellifera. Because the relating reports of China is less to see. It is necessary to investigate the distribute of Nosema cerana in Apis mellifera from the main areas of beekeeping in China. Although the reports about microsporidiosis is more and more, its pathogenesis and the immune stress response of bees is not so clear. To confirm the distribution of Nosema cerana and its pathogenesis to Apis mellifera, this study conduct an investigation of the distribution of Nosema cerana in Apis mellifera from the main areas of beekeeping in China by multi-PCR, and studied on the differences in proteomic analysis of Apis mellifera epithelial tissue after infected by Nosema cerana with i TRAQ. According to the result of differences in proteomic analysis, we can make a primary study on Nosema cerana’s pathogenesis to Apis mellifera and the immune stress response of bees.The main results of this study as follows:1. We identified the microsporidia species of 69 samples from 16 provinces and cities of beekeeping in China by the technology of multi-PCR. From the result, we can see that Nosema cerana was found in all the 69 samples, but both of the two microsporidia species were found only in shouguang Shandong province. We have primaryly confirmed that Nosema cerana has been the major pathogen in Apis mellifera. At the same time, we had the further confirm the phenomenon reported by others that the two microsporidia species can be present in the same bee field at the same time.2. We chose the Nosema cerana concentration of 2×108/m L to infect the worker bee, and researched the differences in epithelial proteomic analysis of infected respectively after 24h、48h、96h and 144 h by the technology of i TRAQ. We identified 1888 species of protein.3. We conducted bioinformatics analysis and difference contrasts on the sample of infected after 24 h by Nosema cerana and the control. We detected 308 species differential proteins. 48 of these are up-regulated and 47 of these are down-regulated. Combined the results of GO function classification and KEGG Pathway gathering, we can see that many differential proteins are related to the immunity response of honeybee, and among these proteins we found a protein named integrin. It is the important different protein of intestinal tissue pathological changes in Apis mellifera infected by Nosema cerana.