Evaluation For Forest Landscape Resources In National Forest Park Of Shanxi Province

The development of National Park has accelerated in 140 years since the United States approved the establishment of the world’s earliest Yellowstone National Park in 1872. The forest park in our country mainly developed after the establishment of new China. In the past sixty years, it has experienced four stages:the incubation of ideas, the early practice, development and growth, optimization and upgrading. Forest park has constantly played an important role in the modern ecological forestry, biodiversity conservation, maintaining ecosystem function, improving people’s quality of life and building ecological civilization. Forest park has become a very important part of ecological civilization and ecological culture construction. The first forest park in Shanxi province was built in 1993. So far, there are 111 forest parks, which including 18 national forest parks,37 provincial forest parks,56 country forest parks. Which kinds forest landscape resource types are there in these forest parks? How to evaluate the quality of all kinds of resources and the value in exploitation and utilization? How to divide forest park type by different resources combination. These problems are hot topics, which need to be solved in forest park construction and scientific research.Based on the field investigation, data collection and analysis, establishing database, according to two national standard:National Forest Landscape Resources Evaluation Method and China Forest Park Landscape Resources Grade Evaluation (GBT 18005-1999), the paper built the evaluation index system of national forest park forest landscape resources in Shanxi province. It set up 3 first-class indicators,7 second-class indicators, and 27 third-class indicators. Adopting analytic hierarchical process and system cluster analysis method, the quantitative description, quality assessment, and the classification of 18 National Forest Parks in Shanxi province were made, the results were as follows:Forest landscape resources in 18 National Forest Parks of Shanxi province are very rich. They are divided into physiographic resources, hydrological resources, planetarium resources, biological resources and human resources according to the natural properties of resource, the qualitative and quantitative assessment to the quantity and quality of all types of resources were made. The comprehensive scores for basic quality of landscape resources of 18 national forest parks were between 7.0～23.7, the composite scores for landscape resources were between 0.5-2, the scores for characteristic resources were between 0.5-2, scores reflected the quality of forest landscape. Based on the composite scores for landscape resources of forest park,18 National Forest Parks in Shanxi province will be divided into three levels:4 parks were in line with the first class standard (20-30 points)of forest landscape resource quality,12 parks were in line with the second level (10-19.9 points),2 parks were in line with the third level (0～9.9 points). On this basis, a more objective analysis and evaluation for different levels of National Forest Park were made, and the strategies and goals were proposed.With the entity of 18 National Forest Park and scores of forest landscape resource as properties, the hierarchical classification was performed. The results divided the 18 national forest park into four types:I. Physiographic resources-based Including five National Forest Parks:Mountain Zhaogaoguan, Mountain Fangshan, Mountain Laoding, Mountain Wujin, Yuwang cave. It has the characteristics with physiographic resources were large in quantity, less natural forest resources, the typicality of biological resources was poor, they were weak in the appreciation, attract degree and resources combination degree of the landscape resources, the characteristics were not distinct enough.II. Humanism resources-based Including four National Forest Parks: Mountain Tianlong, Huangya cave, Mountain Jiaocheng, Yungang Grottoes. It has the characteristics with relatively prominent humanities resource and less forest landscape resources, especially the diversity of natural forest type is low, dominated by pinus tabulaeformis forest.III. Forest landscape resources composite type Including five National Forest Parks:Mountain Wutai, Mountain Longquan, Mountain Heng, Canyon Taihang, Mountain Wulaofeng. These forest landscape resources were abundant, not only quantity, but also the allocation of resources were complete, with strong appreciation. Both Mountain Wutai and Mountain Heng based larix pincipis-rupprechfii forest, pinus tabulaeformis forest and white briches forest. The other three parks based liaotungensis forest, Quwecus baronii forest, and pinus tabulaeformis forest.IV. Biological resources-based Including four National Forest Parks: Mountain Guandi, Mountain Guancen, Mountain Zhongtiao, Mountain Taiyue. The biological resources were abundant of this type, the natural forest kept intact, the forest types were diversity, forest integrity, and the resource configuration were complete. Larix principis-rupprechtii forest and Picea meyeri forest were kept most well in Mountain Guandi and Mountain Guancen in north China. The forest form were the best. Mountain Taiyue was the superior provenance of pinus tabulaeformis in our country, it was known as the hometown of pinus tabulaeformis. The deciduous broad-leaved forest types were diversity in Mountain Zhongtiao, which was the forest park with the most abundant biodiversity.According to result of the landscape resources evaluation and classification to the 18 National Forest Park in Shanxi province, the classified management and systematic construction, strengthen the advantage, comply with the natural ecological law, strengthen the protection and moderate development, make overall plans with adjust measures to local conditions, the suggestions to sustainable use and the healthy development were put forward.