Physiology And Ecology Mechanism Study On The Character Of Chinese Materia Medica Amygdalus Mongolica In Different Habitats

Six representative Amygdalus mongolica populations in gradient desert environment were selected as our research objects.The distribution situation of resources, habitats, community characteristics, physical and chemical characters of soil, the external properties and characteristics, nutritional components, the medicinal active ingredients of the medicinal materials were studied. Combination with antioxidant system and secondary metabolites,the physiological and ecological adaptation mechanisms for the drug quality were studied too. The results showed that:1)There is a significant difference in density and coverage of Amygdalus mongolica population in different habitats, the density of Baotou Zhaochangcheng and Wuhai Qianligou populations were the highest,the coverage of Ningxia Helanshan population was the highest, the coverage of Baotou Jiufengshan population was the least.2) The content of organic matter, nutritional elements, micro-element were very low in rhizosphere soil of Amygdalus mongolica. Six representative Amygdalus mongolica populations were classified into three groups by the physical and chemical indexes of soil:Wuhai Qianligou, Alashan Zuoqi Nuorigong and Alashan Luanjingtan populations were the first group, which lies in the western most of distribution area; Baotou Zhaochangcheng, Baotou Jiufengshan and Baotou Guyanghujigou popu lations were the second group, which lies in the easternmost of distribution area; Ningxiang Helanshan populations was the third group-----which agreed with the geographic distribution.3) Observation and determination appearance, clarity, thousand seed weight, length, width, thickness of seeds of Amygdalus mongolica and Prunus pedunculata. The seeds of Amygdalus mongolica in Luanjingtan were the biggest, the seeds thousand seeds weight of Prunus mongolica in Helanshan were the heaviest. Compared with Amygdalus mongolica, Prunus pedunculata seed is smaller and without grain.4) To establish methods for determination of total flavonoids, polysaccharides, a-vitamin E,trace elements,laetrile,organic acids,quercetin of Amygdalus mongolica, the contents of nutrition and the medicinal active ingredients in Amygdalus mongolica were different in different regions. The statistical results indicated that the differences were all significant.5)Flavonoids of Amygdalus mongolica in different habitats were between 22.73～32.79mg/g, quercetin content in leaves was between 0.0117-0.0979 mg/g, total leaf protein was in 11.24～14.24%, amygdalin Content was between 30.93～39.77 mg/g, the content of alpha vitamin E was between 12.441～15.309μg/g, the protein content was between 22.207～23.967%, the content of total flavonoids was between 3.7611～8.7787 mg/g, the content of organic acid was between 1.745～2.540%. Kernel protein content was significantly higher than that of leaf, total flavonoid content in seeds was significantly lower than that of leaves. The content of total flavonoids in class A and class B Amygdalus mongolica leaves was significantly higher than that of C.6)The changes of antioxidant system SOD, POD, CAT, MDA, AsA-POD, soluble protein, soluble sugar and antioxidant AsA, GSH and correlation of different habitats in Amygdalus mongolica populations showed that the synergistic effect of almond leaves, antioxidant enzymes and antioxidants, oxidative injury induced by drought stress damage. The antioxidant system in different habitats of Amygdalus mongolica populations are different in plots:Class A and class B samples with high soil nutrient and moisture, the degree of lipid oxidation and membrane damage intensity is relatively low, the antioxidase activity and antioxidant content is low; C types of Amygdalus mongolica population rhizosphere soil partial barren anddrought degree is higher, the degree of drought stress is greater than Class A, class B plots, so the damage degree of stress in the degree of lipid peroxidation and membrane was higher than that of class A, class B types, in order to cope with therelatively severe soil drought stress to a certain extent, improve the antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant the content of drought induced oxidative damageby scavenging the C types are. Regulation of the antioxidant system is one of the important physiological responses of Amygdalus mongolica in different ecological environment adaptation.