| To understand the changes of photosynthetic physiological characteristics through the pollen tube pathway introducing the foxtail millet genomic DNA into wheat, common wheat varieties Pubing 201, Changwu 134 and offspring lines which had been introduced by the pollen tube pathway using foxtail millet variety Jigu 18 whole genomic DNA were used to investigate photosynthetic parameters and the relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value) in the different stages and the SSR marker had been used to detect the difference between introgression lines and parents, then collected the conopy spectral reflectance of heading stage. The yield and other agronomic traits were also investigated, such as spikelets per spike, grains per spike and thousand kernels weight. The main reselts were listed below:1. Using the SSR marker, amplified bands of introgression lines were obtained which were different from parents, such as primers Xcfa132 and Xwmc233 amplifying the introgression line 01-2-8-4 from the parent Pubing201 and the same to the introgression line 01-2-17-6 from the parent Changwu134 which got different amplified bands using primers Xcfd88, Xgpw2006, Xgxw450 and Xgwm169.2. All introgression lines of two populations in Pn, Tr and Gs had changed a lot in comparison with parents. Pn and Gs of the introgression line 01-2-8-1 were increased by 7.1% and 6.3%, and Tr and Gs of the introgression line 01-2-12-5 were increased by 11.1% and 12.5%, and the SPAD value of introgression line 01-2-8-4 and 01-2-14-2 were increased by 9.7% and 3.2% in comparision with the parent Pubing201 in the heading stage. Pn, Tr and Gs of introgression line 01-2-20-10 in the jointing stage were higher than the parent Changwu 134 with an increase of 5.5%, 12.5% and 6.5%, respectively. Tr, Gs and SPAD value of the introgression line 01-2-18-10 were higher than the parent Changwu 134 with an increase of 15.7%, 18.1% and 3.5%, respectively.3. Analyzing the yield and other agronomic traits, the spikelets per spike and the grain number per spike of introgression line 01-2-17-4 were also higher than the parent Changwu 134 with an increase of 4.6% and 24.9%. The plant height and thousand kernels weight of all the introgression lines of Pubing 201 were higher than the parent, and the thousand kernels weight of introgression lines of 01-2-17-4, 01-2-18-5 and 01-2-18-12 were also increased in comparison with the parent. Significant and positive correlations between Pn with grain number per spike and plant biomass were observed at both the heading and grain filling stage. Significant and positive correlations were also observed between Tr and thousand kernels weight at both jointing and grain filling stages. The SPAD value at jointing stage was highly significantly and positively correlated with grain number per spike, however, it was significantly and negatively correlated with plant biomass and thousand kernels weight.4. Canopy spectral reflectance curves of parents and the introgression lines were analysed at the heading stage, and the canopy spectral reflectance in the visible and near infrared region had some variation in comparison with parents, and introgression lines were lower than those in the corresponding reflectivity band. SPAD value of all the materials at the heading stage had a significant correlation with the photochemical reflectance index, and showed significant correlation with the ratio of vegetation pigment index, and had the extremely significant correlation with the operational reflectance parameters of R750/R675.The difference between introgression lines and their parents were detected using SSR molecular markers, and phenotyping data were also used to verifiy the results of molecular markers to select lines which had changes in the aspects of photosynthetic physiological characteristics indicating that the pollen tube pathway method could transfer the high photosynthetic characteristics of C4 crops into C3 crops so as to improve photosynthetic characteristics of C3 crops. |
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