Influence Of The Different Nitrogen, Phosphorus Fertilizers And Organic Complex Fertilizations On The Yield And Quality Of Apples

In this study, in order to provide theoretical basis for reducing the amount of potash fertilizer, improve scientific fertilization of fruit trees and develop a cheap and high quality fruit trees special fertilizer, we explored the effect of mutual interaction of N, P and Organic fertilizer on the yield and quality of apples. The Spur ’Fuji’ (Malus sieversii) and’Gala’ (Maius sieversii/M26) growing in Weibei were chosen as the test materials. When potassium levels were 0.5kg/plants, we designed experiments with three factors (N (urea), P (Ling Fuxin), and Organic fertilizer) and three level quadratic regressions orthogonal to study the relationship between the ratio of NP and Organic fertilizer application and physiological and quality of apples indexes. The result showed that the different ratio of N, P and Organic fertilizer had no effect on mineral elements content, but it had great effect on the content of Chlorophyll in leaves in fruit maturity. Especially under the treatment 9 (nitrogen, phosphorus and organic fertilizer were respectively 0.5kg/plants,0.6kg/plants and 2.0kg/plants), the contents of chlorophyll in mature stage were the highest. The level of compound fertilizer, to a certain extent, could delay the senescence of apple leaves. Under the treatments 8 whose nitrogen, phosphorus and organic fertilizer were 0.3kg/plants,0.8kg/plants,2.0kg/plants, the production of Gala and Fuji was relatively higher and had significant differences than other treatments. Therefore, it was ideal for this fertilization ratio to improve the yield of fruit tree under the experiment conditions. When the fertilization ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and Organic were 0.7kg/plant,0.4kg/plant and 2kg/plant, the growth of the autumn-tip of Gala and Fuji Apples was the lowest and showed significant difference. It indicated that the ratio of fertilization could inhibit the growth of autumn-tip and was conducive to the flower bud differentiation. In aspect of fruit quality index, it had no effect on vitamin C and free amino acid content. When the treatments of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic fertilizer were 0.7 kg/plant,0.4kg/plant and 2kg/plant, the apple fruit shape index was higher, acidity was lower, ratio of sugar and acid is higher, fruit was sweeter, so fruit quality is relatively better. In conclusion, under the condition of the experiment, the optimum fertilizer application rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic was 0.7:0.4:2,...