Conflict Prevention And Control Technology Research Of Wildlife

Wildlife conflicts with human beings have become a seriously issue, due to the habitats shrunk blamed to human activities expanding, thus resulting in crops damage and individualcasualty. In this paper, the Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve (BSNNR),in which contains tourist zone and maize fields, was selected as the study area. Behavioral characteristics of the conflict wildlife in BSNNR were researched, and the loss of maize fields and the risk of tourist safety were assessed. At the end of this paper, an effective solution to prevent and control the conflict wildlife was proposed after the field experiments were implemented.In July 2013 to November, an investigation using line transect method was launched in BSNNR and 7 snakes were found. There were 3 Gloydius brevicaudus, viperspecies, discovered at the entrance of tourist zone,indicated the potential danger to visitors’ safety.During November 2013 to November 2014, infrared cameras were set along tourism routes in BSNNR to figure out the distribution of wildlife.From the 1558 pictures took by infrared cameras,35 kinds of species were identified, among which included 12 mammals and 23 birds. The most common mammals captured were Sciurotamias davidianus、Arctonyx collaris、Meles meles and Prionailurus bengalensis, and the most common birds were Phasianus colchicus、Urocissa erythrorhyncha、 Turdus naumanni and Myophonus caeruleus.Sus scrofa,dangerous wildlife, were pictured 9 timesand mostly in night, which generally manifested a low threat level to visitors’ safety.Villager interview, field investigation and infrared camerasmonitoring were carried out in Xidakezhuang village, BSNNR. The conclusions obtained are that Sus scrofa, Arctonyx collaris, Meles meles, Pica pica and crowwere the most common conflict wildlife and birds in maize fields. The prevention and controleffectiveness of ultrasonic device and repellent was considerable. Ultrasonic devicecontrolledwildlife availably in the range of 5-15 m, and performed obviously at 10m.Therepellentconcentrationbetweenl:500 and 1:1500 could avoid the damage from wildlife, and 1:1000 showed the optimum efficiency.The wildlife activity monitoring by infrared cameras along tourism routes will do great benefits to the visitors’ safety in BSNNR, and also to its improvement in early-warning ability and security measures. The effectiveness of ultrasonic device and repellenthave been researched, which contribute to the innovation and application of prevention and control technology.The wildlife conflict is extremely related to the people’s lives and their property, which is one of the most needed solved contradictions between human beings and natural environment. We hope this study will do great help to the conflict prevention and control technology in China.