| Bradysia odoriphage Yang et Zhang is an underground pest of Chinese chives, causing great damage and hard to control. It is controlled mainly by using chemical insecticides,which causes pesticides residue and pollution to products. It has an important practical significance for safety of Chinese chive by interfering adults against Bradysia odoriphage.In this study, firstly, the occurrence dynamics of adults of Bradysia odoriphage in different cultivation mode was conducted. Secondly, fertilizer, natural material, efficient and low toxicity pesticides were screened which have interference effect to adult of Bradysia odoriphage, meanwhile, effective trapping technology was also defined. The goal of effective control Bradysia odoriphage was achieved by interfering with adults of Bradysia odoriphage achieves. The main results are as follows:1. The dynamic of adults of Bradysia odoriphage under different cultivation conditions was defined. It provides the basis for the implementation of adult control. In small shed, after buckling canopy, the peak of adults of Bradysia odoriphage occurs in late January. In middle-arch-shed, two peaks of adults occur in early January, and in early March. In sunlight greenhouse cultivation, adults of Bradysia odoriphage occurs one generation monthly and the heaviest in March and April. The harm was heavy in spring and autumn in open-filed-cultivation. Three obvious peaks of adults of Bradysia odoriphage occurs in early April, late May and early July. There was a small peak in early November while significantly lower than it in spring in open-filed-cultivation.2. The application of the fertilizer as follows lime nitrogen, biogas slurry, tongzhuang,ammonium bicarbonate could significantly control Bradysia odoriphage in adult stage. Lime nitrogen, biogas slurry and tongzhuang had the lasting effect on adult of Bradysia odoriphage and the laboratory experiment showed that population decline rate was 66.2%~92.6%. On the sixth day, population decline rate of liquid lime nitrogen, biogas slurry and tongzhuang was71.34%, 44.61% and 40.31%, respectively. Repellent of indoor dish assay showed that these fertilizers had significantly repellent effects to the adults, one day after treatment the repellent rates of oviposition range from 80.97% to 83.03%; three days after treatment the repellent rate of oviposition of biogas slurry was 59.95%, tongzhuang was 46.00%. Lime nitrogen,tongzhuang, ammonium bicarbonate shown excellent insecticidal effects, and corrected mortality of 2nd and 4th instars larvae was between 85.48% ~ 100% when applied to therecommended amount of field. Followed by biogas slurry the corrected mortality of 2nd and4 th instars larvae was 70.97% and 51.61%, respectively. There was a significant effect on the occurrence of Bradysia odoriphage when appling lime nitrogen, biogas slurry and nicotine fertilizer to filed when adult occurred. The 3 kinds of fertilizer’s population decline rate was between 61.51%~72.00% and average strain rate was significantly lower than the control,and aboveground fresh weight, plant height, stem diameter and leaf width was significantly better than control, which can be one of methods of ecological control on Bradysia odoriphage.3. Pot experiment showed that sulfur powder and tobacco could interfere oviposition of Bradysia odoriphage, when the dosage of sulfur powder amount was 2 kg per 667 m2, the rate of repellant was 81.76%.The leaf of tobacco has strong fumigation toxicity to adult of Bradysia odoriphage. When the dosage was 180 g/m3, 360 g/m3 and 720 g/m3 and the KT50 was 47.465 min, 17.135 min and 3.315 min. Sulfur powder also had fumigation toxicity, when the dosage was 2.5 g/m3 and 5.0 g/m3, the KT50 was 75.620 min and 62.952 min. Mixing plant leaf powder with soil, the soil and tobacco leaf proportion for 1:30 and 1:40 the insecticidal effect was 100% and 88.7% to 4th instars larva, respectively, followed by vitex negundo, the mortality was 74.2% when the proportion was 1:30. Ginkgo biloba powder insecticidal effect is poorer.4. By residual film method screening deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin and cyhalothrin had highest toxicity to adult of Bradysia odoriphage and the LC50 was 10.776 mg/L, 13.285mg/L, and 51.50 mg/L, respectively. Deltamethrin had the best lasting effect, the mortality was 57.53% and still higher than the contrast after treating 12 days. The second was Clothianidin and the LC50 was 101.657 mg/L.5. Pot experiment showed that sulfur powder had obvious repellent of oviposition in adult stage and the control effect was also obvious to larva. When the dosage was 1 kg and 2kg per 667 m2, the population decline rate was 78.39% and 81.75%, respectively. When combing sulfur powder with yellow sticky trap in field, the synergy of sulfur powder was obvious. After treating 2 days, combing sulfur powder with yellow sticky trap the number of adult was more than yellow sticky trap. It was more than3.05 times. After treating 4 days the number was still more than 1.35 times. It can also reduce the occurrence and harm of the next generation larvae. |
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