Effects Of Upstream Exercise And Diet Lipid On Growth And Body Composition Of Gift Oreochromis Niloticus

In the condition of upstream exercise, two culturing experiments studying effects ofdifferent plant oil replacement with fish oil and different diet lipid resource levels ongrowth and body composition of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus were conducted. In thefirst experiment, three vegetable oil replacement with fish oil diet (A, B, and C), twoexercises (0.0BL s-1and1.5BL s-1), and altogether six experimental combinations(0A、1.5A、0B、1.5B、0C、1.5C) were set. In the second experiment, six different lipidlevels(A、B、C、D、E、F respectively), three exercise flow rates(0.0BL s-1,1.0BL s-1, and1.5BL s-1), and then eighteen experimental combinations(0A、1A、1.5A、0B、1B、1.5B、0C、1C、1.5C、0D、1D、1.5D、0E、1E、1.5E、0F、1F、1.5F)were set. The experiments lasted for42days. The results were as follows:1) In the condition of upstream exercise and plant oil being substituted partly orcompletely for fish oil, GIFT’s specific growth rates and weight gain ratessignificantly increased, indicating that upstream exercise and plant oil replacing fishoil could significantly improve tilapia’s growth.2) Upstream exercise could significantly improve tilapia muscle’s crude protein.While sunflower seed oil partial or complete replacement of fish oil in diet had nosignificant effect on GIFT’s muscles’ and whole fish’s crude protein.3) Upstream exercise and plant oil as a substitution in diet had no significant onwhite muscle’s polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, but plant oil subsitution levels hadsignificant effect on red muscle’s polyunsaturated fatty acid and the highest being in0B group, the lowest being in1.5A group.4) When the diet lipid were in the comparative low levels(0-9%),in the samelipid level, upstream exercise significantly increased GIFT’s SGR, CF and HSI(except diet E、F). In the same exercise intensity, of0.0BL s-1velocity, SGRincreases with the diet lipid levels increase, and the highest being0E group. Of1.0BL s-1velocity, when the diet lipid levels were from0%to9%, SGR tend to beincreases with the increase of diet lipid levels, while the diet lipid levels were over9%, SGR tend to decrease. Of1.5BL s-1velocity, SGR had no obvious change trend withthe increase of diet lipid levels. These indicated that upstream exercise and proper dietlipid level could improve tilapia’s growth.5) In the same lipid levels, upstream exercise group, white muscle, red muscle（except diet D、F）crude protein increased. In the same exercise intensity withdifferent diet lipid levels, of the0.0BL s-1velocity, red muscle’s protein tended tofirst increase then decrease with the increase of diet lipid level, but white muscle werejust the opposite, and liver’s crude protein tended to decrease. Of1.0BL s-1and1.5BL s-1velocity, red muscles and liver’s crude protein tended to decrease with theincrease of diet lipid levels, white muscles had no significant change trend.6) In the same lipid level, red muscle’s polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)increased in upstream exercise groups. Of0.0BL s-1velocity, muscles’ and liver’sPUFA increased with the increase of diet lipid levels. Of1.0BL s-1velocity, redmuscle’s PUFA decreased and liver’s PUFA increased with the increase of diet lipidlevel. Of1.5BL s-1velocity, red muscles’ and liver’s PUFA increased with theincrease of diet lipid level. In the condition of upstream exercise white muscle’sPUFA were unaffected by diet lipid levels.7) and In the same lipid levels, GOT and GPT tended to decrease in upstreamexercise groups. In the same exercise intensity, of0.0BL s-1and1.0BL s-1velocity,GOT tended to be decreased with the increase of diet lipid levels; but not for GPT of1.0BL s-1and1.5BL s-1velocity.