| The experiment was conducted between April to September in2011, at the National KeyIrrigation Experiment Station in the Zhang Ye water conservancy bureau. Based on the "Micro-moist irrigation system" developed by Shenzhen Modern ARK Bio-science TechnologyCo., Ltd., using semipermeable membrane theory, the study was conducted by7treatmentsthrough field experiment of a complete randomized block design: Micro-moist irrigation of onepipe and two-row treatment Y1（with the increase of water head during water requirement criticalperiod），Micro-moist irrigation of one pipe and two-row treatment Y2（with normal water supplyduring the whole growing period），Micro-moist irrigation of two pipe and two-row treatmentY3，Micro-moist of two pipe and two-row treatmentY4， control treatment of drip irrigationCK1， straw mulching drip irrigation CK2and border irrigation CK3, respectively. The effect ofMicro-moist irrigation mode on potato growth characteristics, yield, quality, water use efficiency(WUE) and soil temperature, etc., were studied combining with the now available testconditions and technical strength of the Experiment Station, while compared with traditional dripirrigation, border irrigation as well as straw mulching drip irrigation, etc., aiming to achieve thesuitable irrigation system for potatoes in the conditions of Micro-moist irrigation. The mainfindings were as follows:1. Diurnal variation trends of temperature of each treated soil was basically the same. Startingfrom sunrise, with the enhancement and increase of solar radiation, each soil layers warmedsteadily. Solar radiation and temperature changes had the greatest impact on temperatures of5cmsoil layer, where there was the highest temperature diurnal range, with the maximum variation at32.7℃in all the treatments, and the minimum variation at16.4℃, while soil layer at25cmhad the lowest temperature diurnal range, with the maximum variation at1.2℃, and theminimum variation at0.4℃. With the deepening of the soil layers, the time at which theirtemperature reached the highest level would correspondingly shift backwards.2. In the conditions of Micro-moist irrigation, variation trends of soil moisture content for sproutand tuber formation stage in the whole growth period of potatoes were fairly low, yet higher inthe seedling stage, and comparatively high in mature period due to continuity rainfall. In eachtreatment of Micro-moist irrigation system, soil moisture content for the Y4was the highest,while that of Y2was comparatively low. Micro-moist irrigation system was a continuous processof water supply, and the soil moisture content in the whole growth period was relatively stablewith each treatment. WUE in potato Micro-moist irrigation system were7.1,7.06,7.15, and7.19, respectively, much higher than that of the traditional irrigation modes.3. Plants synthesized carbohydrates, as well as accumulated dry matter through photosynthesis,with the size of the accumulation directly reflected in the changes of plant height, stem diameter,etc. Seen from the entire growth period, growth characteristics trend of potatoes were roughlythe same between different water treatments of Micro-moist irrigation, with sustainable growthat early stages among the whole growth period, and in the end the growth rate leveled off.Overall, in comparison with plant height, stem diameter, dry matter and leaf area index of eachtreatment, CK3plants of border irrigation grew the best, while Y1of Micro-moist irrigationgrew the worst.4. Processed CK3were the highest, reaching31619kg/ha, while Y2were the lowest, reaching22712kg/ha. In the potato Micro-moist irrigation treatment, yield of Y4(24820kg/ha) werethe largest, with the highest tuber weight per plant (0.78kg), and large and medium-sized potatorate (70.9%). The output (27611kg/ha) of traditional drip irrigation were the larger, and withhigher tuber weight per plant (0.83kg), yet higher small potato rate (34.4%), thus affecting thecomprehensive benefits.5. Through comprehensive analysis of indexes, such as starch, total soluble sugar, reducing sugarand dry matter content, etc., of potato Micro-moist irrigation, it was indicated that Y4had thebest quality. Various output indicators of potato Micro-moist irrigation were all superior totraditional irrigation mode (border irrigation, drip irrigation, straw mulching drip irrigation). |
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