Soft Seed Trait Improvement Of ’DR’ Lines And Novel Germplasm Innovation Of Aroma Of Muscat Seedless Grapes

There are many characteristics in seedless grape, such as seedless, thin skin and so on. Seedless grape takes important advantages in table grape or raisin. Aromatic flavors in grape can produce euphoriant feelings, especially aroma of muscat, is more and more popular with the masses. Therefore, cultivating the aroma of muscat seedless grape varieties with excellent qualities has become one of the goals of grape breeders. In this article, soft seeded F1lines of Delight×Ruby Seedless ’DR2’ DR3’,’DR6’ and seeded self-pollination offspring of Flame Seedless’FZ42’are hybridized with’Thompson Seedless’ and ’Monukka’ which has strong genetic ability of seedless trait. Several seedless grape varieties are used as maternal parents hybridized with some aroma of muscat grape varieties.14hybrid combinations were designed and314F1lines were gotten totally. Main factors in embryo rescue were researched to provide certain technical basis for improving the efficiency of embryo rescue breeding. Main results as following:(1)4combinations designed on F1lines as maternal parents are obtained286lines; seedless cultivars as female parents hybridized with some aroma of muscat grape varieties ’Guifeimeigui’,’Fenhongmeigui’,’Zixiang Seedless’ or with’shengdanmeigui’ and ’Rizamat’ are10combinations and get28offsprings. The rate of seedlings of soft seed lines ’DR2’,’DR3’,’DR6’as female parents is higher than seedless varieties.(2)The most suitable putrescine concentrations in MM3medium were screened out: the rates of embryo development of’DR2’×’Thompson seedless’,’DR3’×’Thompson seedless’ and ’DR6’×’Monukka’ are higher on MM3medium with2mmol·l-1,2mmol·l-1and4mmol·l-1putrescine respectively.(3)The suitable sampling time of’DR2’×’Thompson seedless’,’DR3’x’Thompson seedless’,’DR6’×’Monukka’,’Kunxiang seedless’×’Guifeimeiguiare’ and ’Zixiang seedless’x’Shengdanmeigui’ are DAF45d,48d,48d,50d and55d; the sampling time of ’Kunxiang seedless’and’Zixiang seedless’ self-pollination was DAF50d and55d, the same to their hybrid combinations. Therefore, the suitable sampling time mainly depends on the female parent. (4)The germination rate of big embryos (length>1.0mm) is higher than middle embryos (0.5mm<length<1.0mm) and small embryos (length<0.5mm) significantly;902plants of314lines were transplanted to greenhouses for acclimatization,750are alive, the survival rate is83.1%; We use markers GSLP1to identify the259offsprings in our experiment,14seedlings have a special electrophoresis banding of590bp.