| The plant of Lycoris genus is mainly originated in China with remarkable ornamental and medical values. At the same time, it also has a strong adaptability and resistance. Therefor, it is a kind of bulb flowers whitch widely used in landscaping and biopharmacy. However, it is still at stage of wild resource utilization and difficult to meet the requirements of industrialization because of low proliferation rate and slow development. So it is necessary to find ways to increase reproductive rate, promote the growth of bulblets, shorten the breeding periods and improve ornamental traits. Only in this way can we contribute to resources protection and utilization.Based on a survey of the wild resources of Lycoris sprengeri, we studied the physiological and biochemical changes in different growth stages of bulbs in L. sprengeri and bulblets induction of L. aurea. On the other hand, exogenous plant growth regulators CPPU, CC and SA, BA and NAA were applied by spraying on the leaves of L. radiate or soaking to the four-excision of L. aurea, in order to observe the regulators whether effective to the bulblet development and make clear the relationships between them. At last, in order to solve the problem of original establishment in tissue culture, we optimized the cultural conditions for L. sprengeri and tried to induce callus.The main research conclusions were as follows:1. On the island of Nanji in the Wenzhou of Zhejiang province, well preserved Lycoris sprengeri was founded. At the same time, a large number of relevant literatures had been consulted. We founded that the habitats and plant community of L. sprengeri showed different and variety. So it meant that the L. sprengeri had strong resistance and adaptability and it was able to adapt to wide ecological amplitude.2. In the early development of bulbs in Lycoris sprengeri, the activity of GBSS was higher and the contents of starch and sugar were more than control, so the accumulation of carbohydrates was quickly. As the bulb development, the activity of amylase and starch synthase including SSS and GBSS were increasing and the starch metabolism began to speed up. While at the early stage of bulblets induction in L. aurea, the content of nutrient was lower. After the bulblets completely formation, the nutrient was begin increasing. On the other hand, the level of GA decreasing may be an important terms to induce bulblets formation. The higher level of1AA and high ratio of GA/ABA can be used as symbols for the formation of new bulblets.3. After spraying with CPPU. CC and SA, the fresh weight and circumference of biennial L.radiata bulblets were significantly increasing. The contents of starch and total soluble sugar in bulblets treated by CPPU were higher than control. Correspondingly, the activities of amylase and synthetase were also raised. It was analyzed that the CPPU enlarged the bulblets by promoting bulblets nutrient metabolism and accelerating the accumulation of starch. However, the CC expanded the bulblets size probably had some relationships with changes in endogenous hormone for the level of JA was much higher than control.4. The four-excision scales soaked by suitable concentration of CPPU. CC. SA. NAA and BA was effected to bulblets inducing. Treatments by CPPU. SA and low concentration of SA was positive to reproduction coefficient and the nutrient in bulblets was increased correspondingly. The active of β-amylase in CC treatments were significantly dropped, probably this kind of regulator possesses the physiological function of promoting the starch synthase and inhibiting the activity of amylase.5. We founded that the P-amylase might play an important role in the starch metabolism of the bulblets. The activity of total amylase was depending on the β-amylase. The variation trends of activity in them were similarity and the activity of β-amylase was making up about80%in total amylase. Such result was founded in a few experiments in our research by system determination.6. To solve the problem of regeneration system, the experiment concluded some useful consequences to further optimize the system. It was founded that the best time of disinfected by HgCl2was9-11min and the middle flake of bulb was the better explant. In addition to that, adding appropriate concentration of activated carbon to culture medium was good for inducing root and can effectively inhibit explant browning. By the way, the better medium component for L.sprengeri and L. aurea buds were MS+1.0mg·L-1NAA+4.0～8.0mg·L-1BA. At last, the filament and pistil were the better explants to inducing callus for L.sprengeri and the better medium to inducing callus was2.0mg·L-12,4-D+1.0～2.0mg·L-1BA. |
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