Study On Cultivated Model Of High Efficiency And Cultivated Techniques For Ziziphus Jujuba Mill.cv Dongzao In Dali

The unique climate and soil conditions are very suitable for the development of Dongzaoin Dali County, Shaanxi Province. In this paper, Dongzao in Dali County as the study subject,investigation and research the climatic suitability, phenological phase, fruit economiccharacters, high yield characters, cultivated model and cultivated techniques etc.of Dongzaoin Dali County. The main research results are as follows:In the comparative study for meteorological data of Dongzao in Dali County and theoriginal production areas (air temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, effective accumulativetemperature, insolation duration and frost-free season), it is found that the meteorologicalconditions of experiment plots in Dali County are similar to the original production areasHuanghua, Hebei Province and Zhanhua, Shandong Province,but in Dali County, thetemperature is higher, spring temperatures rise quickly and the day-night temperature isdifference, therefore，natural conditions in Dali county are more suitable for cultivation ofDongzao. By observing the phenological period of Dongzao in Dali County and the originalproduction areas, it can be discovered that no matter the germination period, leaf-expansionperiod, blooming period or fruit development period and fruit maturation period, Dongzao inDali County all advanced than the original production areas,the fruit maturation period aheadof about30days than the origin. The fruit quality analysis showed that in some aspects likefruit size, yield, soluble solids, edible rate etc. of Dongzao in Dali County have betterperformance than the original production areas. Overall,the fruit quality of Dongzao in DaliCounty is superior than the original production areas.By the end of2013, cultivation area of jujube was4500,00mu in Dali County, of whichDongzao was215,000mu, Shuizao was235000mu. The cultivation area of Dongzao thanshuizao less8.5%,33.3%is higher than that of Shuizao′s production, annual output value isabout6.7times the mass of shuizao. Obviously economic performance improved remarkablyand has broad market prospects. Cultivation condition analysis: Investigate the planting density and plant structure ofopen field cultivation and facility cultivation(Cold shed, Rain-proof shed, sunlightgreenhouse). Except sunlight greenhouse, plant structure in open field, Cold shed andweather enclosure is the natural open heart structure, spacing in the rows and spacing betweenrows are:2.0m×3.0m、1.5m×3.0m、2.0m×3.0m. The tree structure in sunlight greenhouseis free spindle,spacing in the rows and spacing between rows is1.0m×2.0m. Open fieldjujube yards are Management extensive, Tree height difference is bigger, between1.5～2.8m;the facility cultivation managements are more standard than open field cultivation, it cancontrol the tree height in2.0～2.3m form types of facilities.Comparison of types of facilities found that cold shed’s stand pillars are concrete column,vertical clearance is about1.5m, Horizontal spacing is about3m, arches are bamboos orglass-reinforced plastics (GRP), compression bars are bamboos, shed length is about90m～120, spans are9m or12m, shoulder height is about1.7～1.8m, overhead guard hight is about2.3～2.5m; Rain-proof shed’s stand pillars are concrete column, arches are bamboos or GRP,compression bars are bamboos, the length is about80～120m, span are8～12m, shoulderheight is about1.7～1.8m, overhead guard hight is about2.3～2.5m; sunlight greenhousestand pillars are woods, shed frame is GRP, loam wall depth is about1m, shed length is60～90m, span is about8.0～12.5m.Economic benefit analysis showed that the input-output ratio in different cultivatedmodel is open field> cold shed> Rain-proof shed> sunlight greenhouse. The final economicbenefits is sunlight greenhouse> cold shed> Rain-proof shed> open field, respectively6.2times,2.1times and1.4times to open field cultivated model.Through on-the-spot investigation and consulting related literature information,summarizes a set of complete supporting key technology for different cultivation patterns,mainly includes: orchard build technology, orchard soil water and fertility management,pruning(winter pruning and summer pruning), microclimate control, increasing the set of fruitand blossom and fruit thinning in time, pest control and prevention, and Partial harvest fruit,improve the picking efficiency.