Resistance Analysis Of Wheat Relatives And Wheat Germplasm To Two Species Of Cereal Cyst Nematodes In Henan Province

Cereal cyst nematode (CCN) is one of the most important worldwidesoil-borne pathogens threatening the wheat security prodution in China. It has beenfound in16provinces. There are two species in Henan (Heterodera avenae and H.filipjevi) causing great damage and yield loss. The epidemic area infected by CCN hascome to1.7million hm2with the trend that accentuates gradually.Breeding andplanting resistance varieties is an economical and effective measure to control thisdisease. With the lack of resistance resource in wheat, there are abundant resistancegenes and desirable traits in wheat relative genera and species. In order to screen outnew resources of resistance, relative resistance index (RRI) was used as the evaluationindicator in the greenhouse including:(1)34Ae.ovata L.(2) CS-Ae.ovata additionallines and translocation lines,(3) CS-Dasypyrum additional lines and translocationlines，(4) Ae.perergina, Ae.speltoides, Ae.speltoides and Ag. elongatum additionallines were also been tested for H.filipjevi Xuchang population and H.avenaeZhengzhou population in greenhouse test， and resistance and chromosomallocalization of resistance genes. The resistance of26wheat Germplasm resources totwo pathogenic nematodes were tested in greenhouse and in the field. The mainresearch results are as follows:1. The results showed that the reactions of34Ae.ovata L. to H. filipjevi andH.avenae in greenhouse test were very differently, and no immune variety was found,but some of Ae.ovata L. showed good resistance against CCN6.47.06%of totalmaterials were identified as resistance resource against H.filipjevi. The PI542187washigh resistant to this nematodes which the mean number of females per plant is4.1and RRI is0.91; The results of resistance identification to H.avenae showed that92%of the materials showed high resistance and RRI is between0.95to0.99.2. One set of addition lines of common wheat-Ae.ovata was evaluated forresistance against H. filipjevi and showed good resistance, which maybe related to the chromosomes3Ug,7Ugand5Mg. Seventeen CS-Ae.ovata5Mg-5D translocation lineswere further tested for resistance against H. filipjevi, and6lines,5Mg464、5Mg4665Mg508、5Mg510、5Mg511and5Mg457have good resistance to H. filipjevi. Thisstudy confirmed Ae.ovata is a valuable resistance resource for H. filipjevi.3. After analysis of Ae.peregrina, Ae.speltoides, Ae.caudata and Ag. elongatumaddition lines for H. filipjevi and H. avenae resistance, it was preliminarily presumedthat many resistance genes of H. filipjevi existed in them. The resistance genes to H.filipjevi may on chromosomes3SV、4UVand6UVin Ae. Peregrina, the RRI is0.86,0.88,0.73in turn; CS-Ae. speltoides7S chromosome addition line from Ae. speltoideswas high resistance to H. filipjevi,the mean of female per plant is3.10and RRI is0.92; the resistance in Ae.caudata may on C#1and E#1chromosome; the resistancein Ag. elongatum may be related to1E and4E chromosome. D.villosum chromosomefor CCN resistance was probably related with chromosome6VL in D.villosum. Inorder to locate the resistance genes accurately, many more translocation lines ofD.villosum was identified, found5lines, HN9、HN10、HN11、HN14、HN15showedresistance,the RRI is between0.70to0.81.4. The resistance of26wheat germplasm resources to two pathogenic nematodeswas tested in the infested soil in greenhouse and in the field for two years. The resultsof resistance identification to H. filipjevi showed that no immune varieties and highresistance materials was found;11cultivars including XD11-2, XD11-8, XD11-9were resistant to this nematode, accounting for42.31%.3cultivars including XD11-4,XD11-5, XD11-14were high susceptible, accounting for11.54%. The other12cultivars were middle susceptible and susceptible, accounting for46.16%. The resultsof resistance identification to H. avenae showed, XD11-5, XD11-14, XD11-16,XD11-36, XD11-37, XD11-38were high resistant to this nematode, accounting for23.08%.14cultivars including XD11-1, XD11-2, XD11-3were resistant to thisnematode, accounting for53.84%. The other6cultivars were susceptible, accountingfor23.08%. There were more wheat germplasm resources resistant to H. avenaeZhengzhou population than H. filipjevi Xuchang population.The resistance of26wheat germplasm resources to two pathogenic nematodeswas tested in the field. The results of resistance identification to H. filipjevi showedthat7cultivars including XD11-1, XD11-2, XD11-8were resistant to this nematode,accounting for26.9%;4cultivars including XD11-11, XD11-16, XD11-17, XD11-18were high susceptible, accounting for15.38%. The other15cultivars were middlesusceptible and susceptible, accounting for57.69%; the proportion of resistance resource is significantly lower than the results in greenhouse. The results of resistanceidentification to H.avenae showed: the resistance materials accounting for76.92%;7cultivars including XD11-1, XD11-5, XD11-11, XD11-14, XD11-36, XD11-37,XD11-38ware high resistant to this nematode, accounting for26.92%;13cultivarsincluding XD11-2, XD11-3, XD11-6were resistant to this nematode, accounting for50.00%. The other6cultivars were susceptible, accounting for23.08%. This isconsistent with the results in greenhouse.5. As foreign gene vectors, the Triticum aestivum-Chinese Spring(CS) showedstable resistance to H. avenae Zhengzhou population with RRI between0.70to0.78.There may be resistance gene to H. avenae Zhengzhou population in Chinese Springand should be emphasized.