Genetic Studies On The Rice Grain Shape And1000-Grain Weight

This experiment using rice grain character differences of two varieties (maximum grain germplasm31C122tiny grain of small grain of rice germplasm) as the parent material. reciprocal cross experiment was carried out to establish recombinant inbred lines. through investigating the grains per spike and grain shape characters traits in the field of performance. draw the frequency distribution of the various characters expression rule. and use the statistics software to calculate the correlation coefficient between each character. in order to analyze the correlation between each character. Get the following conclusion:1.Through the parent material and the reciprocal cross F1generation seed traits analysis showed that the grain length, grain width, grain thickness and aspect ratio, the performance of these five traits grain weight values were between the performance values of parents and close the average value of the parent’s performance, indicating the genetic contribution of the parents of hybrids are more similar to the performance of grain shape, showing no dominant phenomenon.2. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation of long grain grain trait analysis showed that long grain grain separation offspring showed trimodal traits tend to pair separated by the ratio of non-dominant major gene expression traits, and by card square test was met, explain to express their traits by a pair of long grain non-dominant major gene control; in continuous variation exists between the three peaks, indicating long grain trait expression is also affected by other minor genes; trait in long grain distribution the emergence of the phenomenon of long grain super pro indicating the presence of an additive effect between genes controlling grain length traits.3. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation of wide grain grain trait analysis shows, F2generation grain grain width separated bimodal distribution of traits tend to separate the proportion of dominance by a single major gene expression traits, and F3on behalf of the grain separation showed normal grain width traits tend to quantitative traits controlled grain width grain traits are described by a pair of dominant major gene dominant in quantitative traits.4. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation grain grain thickness trait analysis showed that grain grain thickness traits showed normal distribution, and the two-year performance vary, may be caused by environmental factors.5. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation of grain aspect ratio trait analysis showed that the grain aspect ratio is a very complex trait quantitative trait there is a close relationship with the grain length and grain width trait genes controlling traits in offspring showed significant negative transgressive and transgressive phenomenon may be an additive effect between the presence of the gene may also be genes between grain length and grain width traits controlled interaction.6. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation grain grain weight trait analysis showed bimodal grain distribution separating grain weight traits tend separated by a pair of major proportions in efficiency trait dominant gene expression, small grain weight distribution biased in favor varieties. Grain weight traits described by a pair of its main effect of dominant genes, small relative to the grain weight and grain weight significantly dominant.7. Through the reciprocal cross groups F2, F3generation of grain each grain traits correlation analysis showed that long grain rice traits were positive contribution to each of the other characters; grain width traits of grain thickness, grain weight has a positive contribution, while no significant effect on the aspect ratio; grain thickness were positive contribution to each of the other characters, but in F2populations of31C122/xiaolidao, but not detected and the aspect ratio of the grain thickness trait trait relationships.8. Through the various grain traits heritability reciprocal cross population analysis shows that there are some differences in additive and non-additive genetic share of different traits; grain length heritability of the highest and lowest grain thickness Genetic force, other the heritability of grain traits differ in the two portfolios. Grain length, grain width, grain thickness, grain weight of broad and narrow sense heritability heritability differences are particularly large, non-additive genetic effects are more prominent. Especially broad heritability grain thick and narrow-sense heritability differences greater than50%, influenced by the environment is more prominent.