Toxicity Of Acute Oral And Effects Of Physiological And Biochemical That Several Common Pesticide Adjuvants On Apis Mellifera

In this study, we used the Apis mellifera as material, and used the "small beaker law"which be recommended in the "Safety Evaluation Test Guidelines Chemical Pesticides." Determination the acute oral toxicity on Apis mellifer from10kinds of common pesticide adjuvants which be easily scattered in the water.Then select5kinds of pesticide adjuvants that have the higher toxicity on Apis mellifer and determine the median lethal concentration from April to December, to find the law between median lethal concentration changes and the monthes advance. And determined the activity of detoxifying enzymes to find the mechanism of its toxicity.Defined that the influence of the common pesticide adjuvants to the virulence situation and biological parameters of the Apis mellifer.Evaluated the influence of the pesticide adjuvants on Apis mellifera which have the higher toxicity.The results as follows:By useing " small beaker Law",we examined the acute oral toxicity of10kinds of commonly used pesticide adjuvants on Apis mellifera, Results showed that:When the Apis mellifera be passed by used dimethoate as the reference material (LD50=0.130uga.i.μg/bee),The LC50of agricultural emulsifier601#on Apis mellifera in24h,48h were6995.90and2644.73mg/L; The LC50of emulsifier OP-10on Apis mellifera in24h,48h were2639.69and1733.92mg/L; The LC50of agriculture emulsifier70#on Apis mellifera in24h,48h were22,024.90and12333.88mg/L; The LC50of agriculture emulsifier1601#on Apis mellifera at24h,48h were18,378.44and10461.48mg/L; The LC50of ning-emulsifier34#on Apis mellifera in24h,48h were11,719.52and8524.98mg/L; AEO-3, DMF, Tween-80, EL-20and agriculture emulsifier2000#kinds of pesticide adjuvants in lethal concentrations higher than20000mg/L in48h; Referring to the State Environmental Protection Agency issued a "chemical pesticide safety evaluation tests Guidelines environment" of pesticides on bees acute oral toxicity grading standards,10kinds of commonly used pesticide adjuvants belong to low toxicity.By using "small beaker Law", we examined the LC50of5kinds of commonly used pesticide adjuvants which have the higher toxicity on Apis mellifera in each month of middle from April to December, to look for the law between the LC50of pesticide adjuvants on Apis mellifera and the month advance. Found out that5kinds of commonly used pesticide adjuvants on bees all have this rule:In April, pesticide adjuvants on bees LC50value is higher, then rise; LC50in May reached the maximum value, and then began to decrease; July continued to decrease marginally lower; then LC50values in August and September have a small rise, but less than the LC50in April; until after October, LC50values continued to decline, reaching the lowest value in December.And24h and48h LC50values all have this rule, contrast, LC50values change in24h is greater than it in48h.We examined the effect of different concentrations of5kinds of commonly pesticide adjuvants which have highly toxic on Apis mellifera to main detoxification enzymes and target enzyme which in Apis mellifera, results showed that:the special activity of CarE within a certain range of concentrations of pesticide adjuvants, along with the increased concentrations of pesticide adjuvants, showing an upward trend, after reaching a certain concentration, the specific activity of CarE decreases with increasing concentration,24h and48h all have this rule, and the Care specific activity greater in48h than24h, but no significant difference between the concentration; the specific activity of GSTs specific activity within a certain range of concentrations, with increasing concentrations of pesticide adjuvants, showing an upward trend,24h and48h all have this law, but no law between24h and48h, and no significant difference between the concentration; the specific activity of AChE activity ratio between the concentration of additives and pesticides no correlation This five kinds of pesticide adjuvants that have no effect on the main detoxification enzymes and target enzyme in Apis mellifera.