| Melon is one important cash crop all over the world, and has a significant role in the horticulture industry. China is a main melon production country in which the cultivation area of melon is increasing in recent years. Because of continuous cropping, fusarium wilt is very serious, leading to a decline of production in less severe cases and total loss in serious condition. Therefore, it is improtant to prevent wilt and other soil-borne disease in the melon production. The primary method of prevention and treatment for soil-borne disease including crop rotation, application of pesticide, selection of resistant varieties and grafting technique. With the large scale of melon production year by year, crop rotation is more and more difficult. And so far, grafting technique is the simplest and efficient method to overcome the problem in continuous cropping.This research selected "Quan neng tie jia" as stock, muskmelon’M101’and’M135’as scion, and the effects of increased both-root-cut grafting on ratio of grafting for melon seedling, physiological-biochemical characteristic and fruit quality were investigated. We also selected "Quan neng tie jia" as stock,’M101’ as coin, to study the influence of different depth of stock inserting in matrix on melon growth and development in the increased Both-root-cut grafting. The main result as follows:1. Survival rate of both-root-cut grafting was higher than that of the plug seedling grafting.’M101’ and ’M135’both-root-cut grafting survival rate were higher than the plug seedling survival rate4.7percentage points and2.3percentage points. Compare to the Plant height, stem diameter, dry matter accumulation and growth rate of leaf blade, Root shoot ratio and so on, Grafted significantly better than the self-rooted, and both-root-cut grafting has a advantage over the plug seedlings.2.Grafting can promote the activity of melon seedlings, and seedlings of both-root-cut grafting are higher than plug. The Root vigor of ’M101’ and ’M135’were higher than plug seedlings at rate of28.5%and17.3%, respectively when the plant had six leaves outside and one leaf inside. 3.Both-root-cut grafting increased Physiological activity of melon leaves. Activity of antioxidase (SOD, POD, CAT) and content of osmotic adjustment substances in the melon leaf of ’M101’ and ’M135’were both higher than plug seedlings and the self-rooted. The content of MDA in grafted seedlings was lower? than self-rooted remarkably after the plant hold two leaves outside and one leaf inside. The content of MDA in Both-root-cut grafting was a bit little lower than plug seedlings.4.The content of chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate of both-root-cut grafting were lower than the self-rooted during the period of one leaves outside and one leaf inside. With the growth of melon, the rate of leaf growth was faster, the content of chlorophyll and net photosynthetic rate were approximately equal to self-rooted, and were not different from self-rooted seedlings remarkably at the period of six leaves outside and one leaf inside.5.As for the weight of single fruit and the thickness of the pulp, Both-root-cut grafting has a remarkable advantage. Grafting can increased the content of free amino acid, soluble sugar, Vitamin C, both-root-cut grafting has a little advantage over plug.6.The cost of both-root-cut grafting was obviously saved. Both-root-cut grafting used less labor than plug seedlings method in rootstock sowing and transplant seedlings before grafted. Both-root-cut grafting can save nearly9/10of land, and has saved the labor which the administration center needs, reduced the warming energy consumption and the use of fertilizer, water and electricity.7.The growth and development of melon can be affected by the depth of rootstocks inserting the matrix. By analyzing morphological index and physiological property of all the stage, it was observed that the plant of muskmelon that rootstocks insert the matrix about2cm has a more stronger growth. |
