| This study chose the fattening pigs at the end of growth as the test materials, on different levels of greenbeans extract and the content of Cu, Zn on the growth of different premix performance, health, serological indexes, meat quality traits and comparative analysis of the influence of heavy metal residue, aims to explore the diet of adding different levels of greenbeans extract and using low doses of copper, zinc premix for growth at the end of the safety and reliability of the fattening pigs, according to mung bean has clear heat, detoxification, eliminate the effect of poisonous and harmful substances in the body, and trace elements in the pigs eat less emission characteristics of residual small for using the growth performance, meat quality traits and heavy metal residues such as index for safe nutrition research foundation, the best added dose of greenbeans extract and premix of copper and zinc in fattening pig growth at the end of the lowest limit;For the green healthy pigs and creating safe pork products from the point of view of nutrition to find more healthy, more safety, management methods and provides the basis for new type of feed additives.This experimental research is divided into three parts.Part1:the different level greenbeans extract on the growth at the end of fattening, pig growth performance, health, serological indexes, and the influence of heavy metal residue.This experiment adopts the single factor variance design, according to the principle of random grouping, divided into four treatment groups, each group have3repeat, every repeat20experimental pig, a total of240.Each repetition use independent LanJuan breeding, breeding density of1.25m2per head.Test feeding period of seven days, formal period of21days, a total of28days.Add of greenbeans extract designed three gradient, respectively is500mg/kg,1000mg/kg, and1500mg/kg; At the same time, the trial group diet premix does not contain arsenic, copper, zinc content30mg/kg and80mg/kg, respectively.Experimental results show that:when growth at the end of fattening pigs diet after adding different levels of greenbeans extract,(1) growth performance:the test of pigs is heavier than has significant effect (P<0.05), while the test at the end of the pig weight, average daily feed intake and the influence of the average daily gain was not significant (P>0.05).(2) health: health status of experimental pigs had no significant influence (P>0.05).(3) serum biochemical indexes, the test pig serum nmda aminotransferase (AST) and urea nitrogen (BUN) have great effects on the two indicators (P<0.05), while the test pig serum creatine phosphokinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was not significant (P>0.05).(4) serum immune indexes, the test of pig serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) index has significant effect (P<0.05), and the test of pig serum total protein (TP), albumin (propagated), globulin (GLB), white balls than (A/G), immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) effect was not significant (P>0.05).(5) the heavy metal residual:the test pig blood, pig hair, and the influence of the copper residue in the pig significantly (P<0.05);To test the zinc residue in the pig and pig influence significantly (P<0.05);For arsenic residue in the pig hair influences significantly (P<0.05), and the effect of the test arsenic residues in pig manure significantly (P<0.01). Comprehensive the above test results come to the conclusion:when growth at the end of fattening pigs diet add1000mg/kg～1500mg/kg greenbeans extract effect is best.Part2:Diet used doesn’t contain arsenic and copper and zinc content in different premix for growth at the end of fattening pig growth performance, health, serological indexes, and the influence of heavy metal residue.This experiment adopts the single factor variance design, according to the principle of randomized into three treatment groups, each group have3repeat, every repeat20experimental pig, a total of180.Each repetition use independent LanJuan breeding, breeding density of1.25m2per head.Test feeding period of seven days, formal period of21days, a total of28days.The premix of copper and zinc content in design the concentration gradient of the three, respectively is0mg/kg and0mg/kg and15mg/kg and40mg/kg, whereas the control diet in the premix of adding amount of copper and zinc were30mg/kg and80mg/kg.Experimental results show that:when growth at the end of fattening pigs with Cu and zinc content in the diet after different premix,(1) growth performance:to test the pigs have great effects on the average daily feed intake (P<0.05), while the test at the end of the pig weight, average daily gain and feed weight ratio influence was not significant (P>0.05).(2) health:to test the pig health no significant influence (P>0.05).(3) serum biochemical indexes, the test of pig serum cholesterol (CHOL) index has significant effect (P<0.05), while the test pig serum creatine phosphokinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), nmda aminotransferase (AST), urea nitrogen (BUN), glucose (GLU), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) no significant influence (P>0.05).(4) serum immune indexes, the test of pig serum total protein (TP) has significant effect (P<0.05), while the test (propagated) pig serum albumin, globulin (GLB), white balls than (A/G), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) effect was not significant (P>0.05).(5) the heavy metal residues:to test the copper residue in the pig blood and pig hair has significant effect (P<0.05).To test the zinc residue in the pig hair has significant effect (P<0.05), at the same time the influence of zinc residues in pig significantly (P<0.01).To test the arsenic residue in the pig and pig influence significantly (P<0.05). Comprehensive the above test results come to the conclusion:when growth at the end of fattening pigs diet Cu and zinc element, respectively, in the short term to15mg/kg can obtain ideal result and40parts per million.Part3:Diet add1000mg/kg greenbeans extract and use do not contain arsenic and copper and zinc content in different premix for growth at the end of fattening pig growth performance, health, serological indexes, meat quality traits and the effects of heavy metal residue.2x3double factorial design is applied in this experiment, two levels of greenbeans extract, premix three levels, according to the principle of random grouping, divided into six treatment groups, each group set2repeat, every repeat20experimental pig, a total of240.Each repetition use independent LanJuan breeding, breeding density is1.25m2per head. Test feeding period of seven days, formal period of21days, a total of28days.Greenbeans extract from two levels of0mg/kg and000mg/kg, copper, zinc content in the premix three gradient, respectively is0mg/kg and0mg/kg,7.5mg/kg and20and15mg/kg and40mg/kg, and the control diet premix adding amount of copper and zinc element in30mg/kg and80mg/kg, respectively.Test results show that:when growth at the end of fattening pigs diet add1000mg/kg greenbeans extract and the Cu, zinc content in different premix,(1) growth performance:the future of the experimental pig weight, average daily gain and feed weight ratio has significant effect (P<0.05), and to test the pig the influence of the average daily feed intake was not significant (P>0.05).(2) health:health status of experimental pigs had no significant influence (P>0.05).(3) serum biochemical indexes, the test of pig serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), urea nitrogen (BUN), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor1(IGF1) index has significant effect (P<0.05), while the test pig serum creatine phosphokinase (CK), nmda transaminase (AST), uric acid (UA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHOL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and somatostatin (SS) index had no significant influence (P>0.05).(4) serum immune indexes, the test of pig serum total protein (TP) has significant effect (P<0.05), and to test the pig serum albumin (propagated), globulin (GLB), white balls than (A/G), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) effect was not significant (P>0.05).(5) meat quality traits:the test of pig flesh (color), color (color plate), the shear stress has significant effect (P<0.05), has a significant effect on experimental pig marble (P<0.01), and the test of pig is the influence of water and cooked meat rate was not significant (P>0.05).(6) heavy metal residual:the pig blood, pig hair, pork, pork liver, pork kidney and copper residue in the pig also has significant effects (P<0.05);To test the zinc residue in the pigs, pork and pork liver hair also has a significant effect (P<0.05), while the zinc residues in pig extremely significant effect (P<0.01);Effect on experimental pig hair, arsenic residue in the liver significantly (P<0.05), and the residues in pig influence significantly (P<0.01). Comprehensive the above experimental results concluded that the1000mg/kg greenbeans extract and Cu and zinc content in7.5～15mg/kg and20～40mg/kg premix coordination with the income diet balance performance in various aspects, can be used as a health pigs and build the reference formulation safe meat food production. |
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