Phylogenetic Between The Species Of Genusly Lycoris(Amaryllidaceae) Inferred From Chloroplast DNA Sequences

The Lycoris Herb is a perennial herbaceous plant which belongs to Amaryllidaceae with approximately20species, distributed mainly in China, Japan and Korea, scatteredly in India and Nepal. There are16species and1varietas in China, and the zone of south of the Yangtze River is the diversification and abundance center of this category of plant, among which10species are endemic. Due to the extensive cross-fertilize of the Lycoris Herb under natural condition, there exist reasonable quantities of natural cross-fertilize species within the category, other classification methods difficult to identify the classification of Lycoris. The chloroplast DNA is monolepsis which plays an important role in identifying reticulate evolution of plants, this experiment is based on the previous study and researches the genetic relationship among the Lycoris as well as the origin of cross-fertilize by chloroplast DNA sequences.At the species level, this research chooses15species,4varietas and2aritificial hybirds of the Lycoris; At the population level, these species and varietas include29populations distributed in China, Korea and Japan. By means of analyzing these materials using the trnC-ycf6and trnS-trnfM fragments, it well reveals the genetic relationship among the Lycoris, especially the origin of natural hybirds:(1) Based on the results of chloroplast DNA sequences analysis, at the species level, the Lycoris is resolved with three clades:The species with chromosome M (Central centromere) and chromosome T (End centromere) exist in the same clade Ⅰ; The species with chromosome ST (Proximal centromere) constitute the other two clades Ⅱ and Ⅲ; The species ("hybirds", including2aritificial hybirds) with chromosome M, chromosome ST and chromosome T distribute in three clades.(2) In combination with the previous ITS (Nuclear genome) results and two aritificial hybirds whose background is clear, this research confirms that the "hybird" with chromosome M, chromosome ST and chromosome T is the origin of cross-fertilize.This study well reveals the relationship of system development between the species of the Lycoris and the origin of polyploid population’s cross-fertilize using chloroplast DNA sequences which are single genetic. Moreover, it establishes an elementary scientific foundation of the study of the Lycoris’system evolution and speciation.