| Shangrila lies to the core area of northwest Yunnan ’three parallel rivers’ ofDiqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture. Three parallel rivers is the biggest scenic spot inChina, and it has the most abundant biology diversity in the world. This study based on theTM remote sensing image in1988,1999and2009,and topographic map,3S technologywas used,combined with the theory of landscape ecology,comprehensive research wasconducted from4aspects,they were landscape pattern,the trait of forest landscape dynamicchange,the space flooding position effect of forest landscape change and the dynamicchange of land utilization space pattern. This study will lay the base for the Shangrila’splanning of ecological environment construction and sustainable management of forest.1.3S technology was use to analyse the landscape space pattern,the methods oflandscape space,Indexes of landscape spot ratio, average perimeter, average area,dimension, predominance, diversity, fragmentation, uniformity were used in the analysis oflandscape spatial pattern and its dynamic change.The results showed that:forest land wasimportant for the landscape patter in the study area,all kinds of land utilization landscape’saverage area,edge density and the number of dimension had obviously change in the past20years.The change of the forest land’s landscape index was obvious,the level of landdevelopment increased,the land utilization tended to complication.And the undevelopedland was big. So from now on the landscape protection,utilization,construction andmanagement should be established on the base of landscape ecology comprehensiveassessment,the starting point should be the landscape ecology function,the landscapeshould be purposefully schemed,planned and management,those methods can makes theconstruction of landscape more suitable,it also can coordinate the humans’ activity and thenature ecology,the goal was that makes the resource utilization,environment protection andsocial economy harmonious development.2. We analyzed character of landscape change in forest in the study area in virtue of3S techniques, with9measurable landscape pattern indexes, such as spot density, densityof largest spot, margin density, diversity index, and so on.In the study the forest landscapearea in the highest state,the forest landscape area showed a increasing state because humanmore and more value the forest,the area of forest were:863193.15hm2in1989,876325.68hm2in1999and950990.94hm2in2009,these also showed the evolution procedure of vegetation restoration and landscape quality advancing.In the procedure of forest landscaperecover,patch density and edge density were continuously increasing,and with theincreasing of population,the small patch was merged gradually,so the patch’s shapebecame regular.In the study area the forest land was the advantage pattern,among them theconiferous forest owned more proportion,it was the advantage landscape,the broad-leavesforest and shrub occupy certain proportion.On the base of forest land,all kinds of forestlandscape shape were complicated,staggered mosaic and distribution active,the degree ofdifferentiation was high.The index of forest landscape diversity was tend on increasingfrom1989to2009,it showed that the there were abundant landscape diversity and highforest landscape heterogeneity.Especially in1999to2009the forest area was obviouslyincreasing,farmland area was decrease and the eco-system was obviously increase becausethe protection policy of close hillsides to facilitate afforestation and return the grain plotsto forestry.3. Studied the mutual relation between forest landscape change and motivation underthe GIS biology,and studied the mutual relation between roads country and forest landchange,The results showed that:a lot of factors such as nature terrain factor,the distancebetween residential land and roads have a important effects for the forest landchange.Forest change mainly taken place in the elevation3000-4500m,the proportionabout was67.92%,it was the most active area of forest change,the change graduallydecrease with the elevation increasing,the area which gradient was10°-45°was thesuitable area and traffic good area, the decreasing of forest mainly because the resident’schop,and the decreasing of forest was obvious in1989-1999.The measure of close hillsidesto facilitate afforestation and return the grain plots to forestry made the forest landincreased, it was obvious in1999-2009.4. We obtained3stages land utilization change date by using the spatial overlay forthe space date of shangrilas’3stages,using the CLUS-S model. On the base of landutilization space date in2009,connected the factors of elevationheight,gradient,exposure,roads and resident,using the mode of CLUS-S,imitated the landutilization spacial pattern change in2009-2018,the results were tested by ROC,the effectswere good,the date of ROC were:forest land was0.957,farmland was0.987,construction land was0.921,water area was0.761,utilization land was0.573,grass land was0.821andriver rapid was0.5,whole fitting degree was more ideal and it accorded with real. |
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