The Impact Of Non-structural Material On Rice Production And Regeneration

Rice is the main food crops in China, the stability and increase rice yield is the basic guarantee of social stability and economic development. Storage before heading to the stem leaf of non-structural material plays an important role in stabling and increasing rice yield, especially further improving the yield per unit area under the condition of high yield. On the other hand, with the increase of migrant farmers and planting structure adjustment, the phenomenon of abandoned and rice cropping index decline.Ratooning rice is that labor-saving relatively, shorter growth duration, facilitate crop is tie-in, which can make full use of land resources and heat resources, suitable for planting on parts and conditions. Cauline leaf department store non-structured material is one of the sources of carbohydrates regeneration bud growth, which plays an important role in promoting regeneration bud growth. However, studys about non-structured material accumulation of tropics early rice and its transferring characteristics and effect on yield and regeneration is seldom currently, many regular parttens and mechanisms were indefinite. In order to explore the influence of the non-structural material on yield formation and growth of ratooning rice, the different varieties yield formation and regeneration response to the non-structured material, the relationship between different nitrogen fertilizer management and non-structured material accumulation and transferation, and the influence of different mowing height on regeneration bud growth and yield were studied.The main results of the research are as follows:1. The dry matter accumulation, non-structural substance accumulation of stem and leaf among different varieties in head quarter, the amount of non-structural substance transfer and community photosynthesis in fructicative period are significant differences,10varieties can be divided into three types on the basis of the community photosynthetic capacity and amount of non-structured material transfer. The first category includes varieties of gangyou725,225male parent, Huanghuazhan, Texianzhan25, which with the characteristics of low community photosynthetic capacity and little amount of non-structured material transfer and low productivity; The second category includes varieties of gangyou527, N940, which with the characteristics of high community photosynthetic capacity and little amount of non-structured material transfer and low productivity;The second category includes four hybrid rice varieties of Eryouhang NO.2, Liangyoupeijiu, Shanyou63, Teyou009, which with the characteristics of high community photosynthetic capacity and large amount of non-structured material transfer and high productivity, has higher yield potential.2. The yield components of Liangyoupeijiu,Texianzhan25and gangyou527are relatively balanced in season of regeneration, receiving a high yield with relatively higher effective ear grain number and thousand seed weight. The bud length, stem regeneration bud rate, single stem earing rate of the second to the fourth leaf position from bottom among different species are significant differences. The regeneration bud length and bud number of the fourth leaf position from bottom appeared negative correlation, while the regenerated bud length and bud number of the other leaf position were positively correlated, particularly, the regeneration bud length and bud number of the second leaf position from bottom were significantly positively correlated.Single stem earing rate appeared negative correlation with the total solid yield and non-structural material content and accumulation of stem and leaf in maturity.3. Compared with head quarter production in three kinds of nitrogen fertilizer management, local application was the highest; With local fertilizer at heading stage, the amount of non-structured material content and accumulation in the stem sheath higher than delaying fertilization and delaying reduced fertilization,in addition, non-structured material accumulation and reduction of the stem sheath in maturity are higher than delaying fertilization and delay reduced fertilization; Non-structured material reduction of the stem sheath was positively correlated with yield and thousand seed weight. The correlation between non-structured material reduction of leaf sheaths and non-structured material transfer rate and yield of leaf sheaths in maturity was the largest.4. Compared with three kinds of nitrogen fertilizer management, regrowth yield of delaying fertilization was the highest. The regeneration bud rate of the second and the third leaf position from bottom was the highest in all of the nitrogen fertilizer managements. The correlation of stem regeneration bud rate and yield was0.6779, while the correlation of stem regeneration bud rate and per square meter of spikelets was0.8233.The total transfer rate of dry matter appeared positively correlation with regeneration yield, per square meter of spikelet number, per square meter of kernel number during15-30d after the earing panicle.5. With the increase of mowing height, grain number per panicle, per square meter of kernel number, thousand seed weight, and yield also increased, while the seed setting rate, panicles per square meter decrease; Stems regeneration bud number increased; Single stem earing rate decreased. The bud length and leaf number of the second leaf position from bottom increased. Regeneration bud rate of the second and the third leaf position from bottom were the hightest among different mowing heights.