Nutrient Diagnosis And Nitrogen And Phosphorus Nutrition Efficiency Of Teak Clone Seeding

Teak (Tectona grandis Linn f.)(Verbenaceae) is native to India, Thailand, Laos and Indochina, etc, and it is semi-large deciduous tree,it was listed one of the most common species in the world’s conifer species with pine, eucalyptus, poplar. As a high-quality wood, it has a pivotal position either in origin or in the international market. However, because, human beings continue to cut teak forests, lead to teak wood supply dwindling resources, the other hand, various origin countries of teak have limited felling and export. Therefore, in order to meet the market demand of teak wood, developing teak plantations became the main way to meet supply contradictory of countries. Teak has a long introduction history in our country, mostly teak is planted in the southern regions, which are mostly distributed lateritic red soil acidity, the soil is lack of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition, seriously restricting the development of our country teak plantations. So,studying teak seedling nutrition diagnosis and screening high efficiency genotype with utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus, becoming one of the scientific issues need to be resolved.1.A greenhouse hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effects of different nutrient deficiency on Tectona grandis clone seedlings. We observed the seedling phenotypic characteristics and measured the growth index(height growth, ground diameter, biomass(dry weigh) of the root, stem, leaf and biomass(dry weigh) of the plant) and physiological(the root activity, the relevant parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence Y (II) and ETR) in under growth environments: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese, boron, zinc. The results showed:All treatment of nutrient deficiency showed negative effect on the seedlings growth, such as leaf discoloration, brown, patches, necrosis and under-sized plant. These phenomenon were especially fastest within the lack of nitrogen, potassium, iron seedlings. Nutrient deficiency seedlings showed significant decreases in seedling height growth, ground diameter and biomass compared with the complete nutrient mixture. Which limit these growth indicators most significant are the nutritional elements nitrogen, potassium, calcium and iron. Nutrient deficiency should lead to reduced root activity of teak seedlings. From the test results above, the limiting factor of teak root activity is the nutritional elements calcium and iron, and followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. Y(II)and ETR value of each nutrient deficiency treatment were significantly different with complete nutrient mixture, which affect most significant are deficiency treatment phosphorus and iron.2. The study of teak clones nitrogen efficiency is using two-factor randomized blockdesign,that factorl:7teak clones:TltoT7(7029,7114,7122,7559,7544,7412,7219); Factor2:nitrogen level, which controls No (not applied N), N1(200mg/kg soil), N2(800mg/kg soil) and N3(1200mg/kg soil), pot experiment. The results showed that:(1) With the increase of applied nitrogen, height, diameter, leaf area, and each part of the total biomass and biomass of teak clone seedlings also show from increment to decreasing. Nitrogen reached maximum in800mg/kg soil.(2) The seven teak clones seedlings height, diameter, leaf area, stem, leaf, aboveground of biomass and total biomass in the same treatment levels of nitrogen have significantly different. the maximum is T5under N1, N2and N3.(3) Nitrogen uptake efficiency, conversion efficiency and utilization efficiency of seven teak clones are increasing with nitrogen increases.Under N2level, nitrogen uptake,conversion and utilization efficiency of T5have reach0.20,0.89and0.17, is significantly higher than the other six clones; the lowest factors nitrogen uptake, conversion and utilization efficiency are T2(0.15), T4(0.09) and T3(0.53). Depending on the level of nitrogen utilization of seven teak clones seedling can be divided into three categories:high nitrogen utilization type (7544), the efficiency of nitrogen utilization type (7114,7029,7412and7219) and inefficient use of nitrogen-based (7112and7559).3.The study of teak clones phosphate efficiency is using two-factor randomized block design, that factor1:five teak clones; T1toT5(7029,7114,7122,7559,7544); Factor2: phosphate level, which controls P0(not applied P), P1(FCMP:1g/kg soil), P2(FCMP:3g/kg soil) and P3(FCMP:6g/kg soil), pot experiment. The results showed that:(1) With the increase of applied phosphate, height, diameter, leaf area, and aboveground of the biomass and total biomass of teak clone seedlings under at the same treatment level after showed a trend of from increment to decreasing. Phosphate reached maximum in3g of1kg soil.(2) Height, diameter, leaf area, aboveground of biomass, total biomass and root activity of teak clone seedlings in the same treatment levels of phosphorus are significantly different. At the end of the test, in the P0, P1, P2and P3the maximum is T1.(3) Phosphorus uptake efficiency, conversion efficiency and utilization efficiency of seven teak clones are increasing with phosphorus increases.Under P2level, phosphorus uptake,conversion and utilization efficiency of T1have reach2.45,9.73and8.19, is significantly higher than the other4clones; the lowest factors phosphorus uptake, conversion and utilization efficiency are T4(1.12), T5(2.59) and T4(4.05). Depending on the level of phosphorus utilization efficiency of five teak clones seedling can be divided into three categories:high phosphorus utilization type (7029), the efficiency of phosphorus utilization type (7112,7114) and inefficient use of phosphorus-based (7544,7559).