Preliminary Study On Isolation And Identification Of Ginseng Bio-control Actinomyces

Ginseng is the traditional rare medicinal herbs, our country is the earliest country whichcultivated ginseng in the world, it’s one of world production countries of ginseng, Jilin provincewhich famous for ginseng of authentic medicinal materials production, ginseng industry is oneof pillar industries of the east mountain area.However, many kinds of plant disease was causedunder the condition of artificial cultivation, pesticide residues and environmental pollutionwascausedunder the long-term using of chemical pesticides, and microorganism drug resistancewas easy to be induced. The utilization of microorganism antagonism to improve and developplant disease biological control technology,which has been paid general attention to.This research focused on the ginseng cultivation soil samples. Actinomycetes withantagonistic activity against some soil-born pathogenic fungis were selected. And strainidentification、effective composition distribution、studied on the growth promotion and theinduced resistance of bio-control actinomyces to ginseng callus、theresistance of bio-controlactinomyces tocommonpesticide was carried out.The main results were as follows:1. The antimicrobial activity of four actinomycetes isolated from ginseng rhizosphere wasstudied with plate-confrontation method and filtering paper method.The results showed thatthe four actinomycetes strains could inhibit Panax ginseng pathogenic fungus obviously. In theantagonistic examination in vitro, the inhibition rate of FX-10against CyLindrocarpondestructans, Botrytis cinerea and the inhibition rate of FX-61against Sclerotinia ginseng were91.28%、91.8%、90.07%respectively. Only FX-139could inhibit Rhizoctoniasolani and therate was78.22%.While in the antagonistic examination inhibition rate for strains FX-137reaehed84.40%respeetively. FX-10、FX-61、FX-137could inhibit5kinds of ginsengpathogenic fungus, while FX-139could inhibit7kinds of ginseng pathogenic fungus. Theinhibition activity of both was stable.2. Based on the identifications of morphological, physiological and biochemicalcharacteristics and molecular biology, FX-139was ascertained as Streptomycesvinaceus-drappus,FX-10as Streptomyces nigrogriseolus, FX-137as Streptomyces vinaceus andFX-61as griseofuscus group of streptomces.3. Growth rate method and filtering paper method was used to determine the distributionof the effective components, The results show that:effective components about4bio-controlactinomyces strains were distributed on the fermentation liquor, effective components about FX-139were distributed on both fermentation and mycelium, the bacteriostatic effect offermentation liquor was greater than the mycelium.4.Ginseng callus was used as experimental material, the poison medium method wasadopted to measure the promoting effect of the fermented liquid and mycelium extractive ofFX-139on the growth of ginseng callus, The results show that:FX-139fermentation liquor andmycelium extractive with the concentration of20mg/L treatment had the strongest action forginseng callus growth promoting, significant difference.5.The change of defense enzyme activities in ginseng callus were detected. PAL、POD andPPO enzyme activity were obvious changed with fermented liquid and myceliumextractive treatment. On the whole, ginseng callus defense responses induced by ferment liquorand mycelium extractiveof FX-139. Ferment liquor extractive could effectively induced PODand PPO, mycelium extract could effectively induced PAL、POD and PPO, significantdifference.6.Based on the research of the resistance of bio-control actinomyces to commonpesticide,the research showed that FX-61with500μg/mL procymidone and carbendazim，FX-137with500μg/mL carbendazim、 FX-139with100μg/mL PCNB and500μg/mLprocymidone、 FX-10with500μg/mL carbendazim could be combined toprevent and cureginseng disease.