The Effects On The Producing Area And The Varieties On The Growth And Quality Of Rhizoma Dioscorea

Rhizoma Dioscorea is a kind of important traditional Chinese medicine and vegetable andhave effect of medicine and tonic. Chinese yam is widely distributed in the country, the largestproduction of which is in Henan Province. There is small acreage of Chinese yam in JilinProvince, in which planting area is very small. So it cannot to be scale. And there is littleresearch on Chinese yam.This paper studies effect of several factors on growth, developmentand quality of yam in different introduction area of Chinese yam in Jilin Province, the bestgrown in soil environments, yielding high-quality varieties, and optimize fertilization programwere found by exploring the different soil environment, different varieties of resources, differentfertilizer levels. The main results are as follows:1.The germination time of Rhizoma Dioscorea seedlings was affected by the differentproducing areas. The germinated earliest in Changchun that is11days earlier than the baichengsoil; There was significant difference between the rate of seedling, Seedling rate of yam was inLinjiang,Changchun, Baicheng was97.7%、96.3%、90.7%,respectively; The piant of heightgrowth and the yam individuals were significantly affected by dissimilmar sorts of soil.Theheight growth and the yam individuals of linjiang soil,were the highest among three producingareas. followed by Changchun yams, Baicheng the yam individual minimum. The results showthat due to changchun and linjiang annual average temperature is higher, rainfall is abundant,the local yam emergence, early survival rate increased, the nutrition of yam quality is influencedby the local soil nutrition.2. Among Rhizoma Dioscorea outputs which are planted in three kings of different soil,it isthe highest the average output in linjiang is3017.7kg/667㎡; it is2865.1kg/667㎡in changchun;it is2313.7kg/667㎡in baicheng. Producing areas of yam rhizome ingredients. Linjiang yammoisture content of the lowest, Baicheng yam highest water content; Content of starch, totalsoluble sugar and crude polysaccharide in dry material were highest in linjiang. Content ofsoluble protein and amino acid were highest in changchun. the content of each component ofBaicheng yam was low.Result showed that content of allantoin in linjiang Yam, changchun Yam and baicheng Yam was0.762,0.589,0.402(%),respectively;Content of dioscin was0.692,0.635,0.562(%),respectively;Content of allantoin and dioscin were highest in linjiang. 3.Four different yam varieties research shows that: White yam strong growth potential, tubers,the highest yield, but it does not bear, it requires tubers for propagation material annually,thelow propagation coefficient; the Taigu yam output ranked second,the local Jilin yam growthpotential of the medium, the general level of production; Tiegun yam growth potential weakfrom the general yam produced Bubil more a lower level. Tiegun yam nutritional content ofvarious indicators of the performance of the best of the highest quality, lowest and moisturecontent. It is second only to Tiegun yam,the local Jilin yam starch, total sugar content, crudeprotein, essential amino acids and total amino acid content; the Taigu yam,Baiyu yam isrelatively low.Result showed that content of allantoin in Tiegun Yam, Jilin Yam,Taigu Yam andBaiyuYam was0.421,0.448,0.874and0.942(%),respectively;Baiyu Yam had the highest contentof allantoin，161%higher than Tiegun Yam,which had the lowest content of allantoin;Contentof dioscin was0.948，0.844，0.912and0.521(%),respectively;Different between them was125%.4. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium has significant impact on the yield of yam, nitrogen,phosphorus, potassium mixture proportioning20:15:10, yam yield the most obvious effect, anincrease of30.3%compared with CK. And the impact of nitrogen fertilizer is more than potash,phosphate fertilizer is minimum. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Fertilizer on yam nutrientshas a significant effect. The reasonable ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and directimpact on the level of yam nutrients. The content of starch,soluble total sugar,crudepolysaccharide,soluble protein and amino acids of RhizomaDioscorea with nitrogen fertilizer ishigher than ones no nitrogen,and the quality of which is better.