The Variation Analysis Of Nutrient Composition And The Growth Trait Of Clams With Different Shell Color And Decorative Pattern

This article was concentrate in the shell colors and decorative patterns, clams of four kinds ofshell color and decorative pattern (dark fringe(DF), thin checkered (TC), black spot (BS), and redshell (RS)) were used for aimed breeding experiment, and cultured these seed to juvenile molluskuntil they were mature to another aimed breeding cycle. Contrast experiment was designed fordetecting the advantages and disadvantages of different shell colors and decorative patterns, basedon the main growth trait (shell length, shell height, shell width and the total weight) of the samegrowing environment. At the same time, three commonly seen clams (white shell, red shell, blackspot) in market was chosen and the nutrient composition was analyzed and evaluated to detectingthe possible differences. The details were as follows：(1) Aimed breeding experiment of four kinds of shell color and decorative patternAimed breeding experiment was carried out concentrated in clams with four stable inheritanceshell colors and decorative patterns (DF, TC, BS and RS), and four population breeding offspringwere obtained, these clams were sowed to pond for middle culture when they were four month age.Seventy thousand of aimed breeding material were obtain for now. The TC stain was fourgenerations aimed breeding clams with bright decorative pattern, the parent was Shandongpopulation with yellowish-brown wavy microgroove, and a total of115kilograms and fourteenthousand clam was obtained. RC stain was four generation aimed breeding, the parent was Jiangsupopulation with red shell color, and a total of45kilograms and thirteen thousand clam wasobtained. DF stain was a total of45kilograms and nine thousand, and BS stain was45kilogramsand eleven thousand.(2) Growth contrast experiment of clams with four kinds of shell color and decorative patternIn order to detect the possible significant growing difference, the growth contrast experimentwas designed in the same growing environment and reared in the same density, the martial wasthe population breeding offspring. Unification the water changing and bait feeding procedure andthen the main growth trait (shell length, shell height, shell width and the total weight) wasmeasured every two month, analysis of variation was applied to make a comparison to the fourmaterial and detect the possible significant growing difference. Better growing material in thesame density was selected to serve the production practice. A total of fourteen months’ growingtrait were detected, according the result, the RS stain belongs to the one with lower grow trait.(3) Analysis and Evaluation of Nutrient Composition in Clams of three kinds of shell color and decorative patternIn order to evaluate the nutrient value in clams (Meretrix meretrix) and detect the possibledifference within three different shell colors and decorative patterns (white shell, red shell, blackspot) and provide scientific basis for the cultivation and utilization of the new shell color clamproduct, the nutrient compositions in these samples were detected. Clams were selected by randomsampling and then dissected. Contents of moisture, crude protein, crude fat, amino acids and fattyacids of these samples were analyzed by adopting national standard method. The results showed asfollows：the contents of moisture, crude protein and crude fat were81.15%~81.89%,9.23%~9.71%,1.91%~1.31%, respectively. There were no significant differences in basic nutrientcomposition within these samples (P>0.10).17amino acids were detected in clams within theseclams by adopting acid hydrolysis, and total amino acid (TAA) contents was42.95%~48.45%.Delicious amino acid (DAA) contents was17.44%~20.88%, and significantly higher in red shellclam than other two(P<0.10). The first restrictive amino acids was valine in all samples.22~23fatty acid were detected in clam samples. PUFA, EPA, DHA contents were36.07%~39.55%,11.37%~12.87%,9.82%~12.44%, respectively, and the EPA and DHA contents in red colorclams were significant higher that other two samples (P<0.10). In conclusion, wild clams in thissurvey has a high nutritive value and the nutrient value of red shell clams was high, at the sametime, the umami of red shell clam was the best.