Study On Crisping Flesh Of Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon Idellus) And Carp (Cyprinus Carpio) By Broad Bean And Broad Bean Formula Feed

1.Exp.1 Effect of feeding broad bean on growth, flesh quality, protease activity and amylase activity of carp(Cyprinus carpio)To evaluate the effect of feeding broad bean on growth, flesh quality and two enzymes of carp, carp with body weight of (150±10)g were fed with formulate feed(control group) and immersed broad bean(broad bean group) separately for 66 days. Growth rates of the two groups were 178%, 52%, and FCR were 1.51, 2.58 respectively. The growth rate of carp fed with broad bean was significantly lower, and FCR significantly higher than control fish(P<0.05). Compared with carp fed with formulate feed, fish fed with broad bean had higher muscle protein, collagen content, lower muscle fat content and lower muscle water-lose rate. Muscle hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness and resilience of fish fed with broad bean were 61.4%, 3.4%, 12.5%, 34.2% and 37.5% higher than those of control fish (P<0.05). Besides, the foregut amylase activity was decreased in group of feeding broad bean. The results indicated that carp fed with broad bean could have worse growth performance and better flesh quality .2.Exp.2 Effect of feeding broad bean formula feed on growth performance, flesh quality, serum biochemical indices and foregut digestive enzymes activity of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)A 86-days feeding trial was conducted to study the effect of formula feed based on broad bean and broad bean on growth performance, flesh quality, serum biochemical indices and foregut digestive enzymes activity of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella). The fish feed ordinary feed(control group), broad bean (broad bean group), broad bean formula feed(broad bean as the main feedstuff), and Met+broad bean formula feed(broad bean formula feed added microcapsuled methionine). Each diet was randomly fed to triplicate of grass carp with initial average weight (341±10g) in 12 concrete tanks (3.0m×5.0m×1.2m). The results showed as follows. Weight gain rate of fish fed with Met+broad bean formula feed, broad bean formula feed and broad bean were significantly lower than the control fish(P<0.05); Muscle protein and collagen content of fish fed broad bean formula feed, Met+broad bean formula feed and broad bean were significantly higher(P<0.05) than the control fish, but muscle fat were lower(P<0.05). Muscle hardness, cohesiveness and chewiness were (P<0.05)significantly higher than those of control fish by feeding Met+broad bean formula feed and broad bean formula feed, and close to those of fish fed broad bean. In the respect of serum biochemical indices, fish fed broad bean was high in the indices of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine transaminase(ALT), urea and creatinine but low in total protein(P<0.05), feeding broad bean may be harmful to the liver and kidney of grass carp, the indices recovered by feeding Met+broad bean formula feed and broad bean formula feed. Fish fed broad bean had lower content of cholesterol and triglycerides than those of control fish; in the respect of foregut digestive enzymes activity, the activity of amylase were lowest by feeding broad bean, the activities of protease and lipase were decreased by broad bean, digestive enzymes activities were close to those of control fish by feeding Met+broad bean formula feed and broad bean formula feed. Results above showed that feeding broad bean formula feed could change the flesh quality of grass carp. Weight gain rate was increased by adding microcapsuled methionine. It could also improve the health level compared with fish feed by broad bean. The flesh of grass carp fed with broad bean formula feed could be crisped compared to the fish fed with control feed, the growth performance of grass carp feed with broad bean formula feed could be better than the fish fed with broad bean.