Study On Utilization Efficiency Of Agricultural Land In Shandong Province Based On DEA Model

Land, capital and labor are the three basic elements in the production process.How to configure the factors of production to improve production efficiency is one of the key points in economic research. As we all know, economy grows through two basic ways of increasing the amount of factor inputs and improving the efficiency of factor use. Shandong Province is in the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization, and coordinate the contradiction between economic development and protection of agricultural land is an important foundation to achieve sustainable socio-economic development. With the growing trend of farmland conversion to strengthen and improve productivity of land resources has become a key factor in the protection of agricultural land.Land use efficiency that could be called a system of multi-input and multi-output has a close connection with national conditions and factor inputs, and is usually estimated through comparing proportion of various inputs and outputs and combing units’ overall efficiency. This paper firstly describes the background, purpose and meaning of the research, and reviews the domestic and foreign studies on agricultural land use efficiency. Secondly, it introduces a series of foundational theories, defines the related concepts and elaborates models. By building the land use efficiency evaluation system and applying the BC2-DEA model, super efficiency DEA model and Exponential model of Malm-quist, the main part of the paper makes an empirical analysis on agricultural land of 17 cities in Shandong Province respectively from compared static and dynamic perspectives, and makes a spatial variation analysis; and then use the regression model of Tobit-DEA to analyze factors affecting the efficiency of agricultural land use. The results are as follows:Generally, the agricultural land use efficiency of Shandong province remains a relatively low level, and the scale efficiency(0.960) is higher than pure technical efficiency(0.857). the areas of lower land use efficiency shows a an obvious problem that the per capita net income is insufficient,while the areas of effective land use show great potential in agricultural land use, which need to increase elements investment in a reasonable proportion, taping the potential of agricultural land use to make full use of the land.From the space point of view, the distribution of areas of effective agricultural land use has changed a lot from 2000 to 2 012, as Figure 4-1 shows. The agricultural land use efficiency varies clearly among Shandong’s 17 cities, and the areas of loweragricultural land use efficiency mainly concentrate in the south and west parts of Shandong, including Binzhou city, Dezhou City, Liaocheng City, Heze City, Jining City, Zaozhuang City and Linyi City.From the trend point of view, TFP index of agricultural land in Shandong Province grows rapidly as a whole, fluctuate strongly, and regional differences of which are not significant. Annual growth rate of TFP index is up to 3.4% from 2000 to 2012 and achieves two peaks in 2004 and 2010, which can be divided into three stages on the whole: rapid rising – andante decline–slow recovery. From TFP index growth structure of agricultural land, the TFP index growth of the agricultural land during13 years belongs to the type of technology-induced, which is mainly derived from the impact of technological progress rather than technology efficiency. Contribution of technological progress in agricultural land use of Shandong Province shows an increasing trend. Average annual growth rate of TFP index of 17 cities in Shandong Province is almost higher than one(except Rizhao city), and technological progress with technological innovation becomes the decisive factor in improving TFP index.Judging from the influencing factors, social factors affect agricultural land use efficiency in a greater degree than natural factors. Through analyzing several factors affecting agricultural land use efficiency, we find that the cultural qualities of labors and the per capita acreage have a significant negative impact on the efficiency of agricultural land use, the variables of policy and price influence it negatively,while the disaster condition affects it weakly. The regression results pass the significant test and heteroskedasticity test.Finally, it puts forward suggestions based on the analysis.