Research On Modeling And Control Of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) is widely used in hybrid electric vehicle, hybrid energy system, smart micro grid and removable storage device because of its cleanliness, high generating efficiency, convenient operation and no pollution. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces basic principles and varieties of fuel cell, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of fuel cell, then proposes research subject PEMFC of this paper, analyses its basic principle and component,summarizes the research status on modeling and control of PEMFC. Seondly, a comprehensive PEMFC model, which contain electrochemistry model, charge double layer capacitance dynamic model and stack temperature dynamic model are established based on electrochemistry mechanism, mass and energy conservation.These models are all simulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK, respectively, simulation results contains the response of the voltage, power, efficiency with the change of load current, the fluctuation of PEMFC output voltage response to the variation of internal environment temperature, cathode pressure, anode pressure, water content of membrane and etc, the system internal temperature change on the effect of load current volatility. Later, considering the uncertainty of model parameters involved in PEMFC modeling, intelligent optimization algorithms, such as particle swarm optimization, differential evolution algorithm, genetic algorithm are used to optimize the nine model parameters in the PEMFC modeling. The result shows particle swarm optimization with linearly decreasing inertia weight overcomes the other two methods.Meanwhile, the accuracy of model is verified based on the optimization. Finally,aiming at the output voltage instability problems of PEMFC in practical application,self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller is applied to control PEMFC output voltage stability by indirectly changing the hydrogen pressure with directly changing the hydrogen flow of the entrance.With the compare of PID controller and self-adaptive fuzzy PID controller, the results show that the PEMFC model designed in this paper could perfectly reveals the dynamic performance of a PEMFC system and the self-adaptive fuzzy PID control system has rapid response and low overshoot.