| Diyinyuan is also known as underground Siheyuan, Dikengyuan, subsiding Yaoyuan. It had evolved from early human caves since thousands of years ago. According to the -non-material cultural heritage data, Diyinyuan is the archaic vault developed from early human caves and has a history of more than four thousand years. " Diyinyuans in Shanxi are mainly distributed in Pinlu county. Diyinyuan is the characteristic construction built by the working people in the face of the harsh natural environment striving for survival. It is an important branch of Yaodong buildings in our country. The construction process, and the establishment of the drainage exhaust system embody the exploration and application of the nature’s law by ancient working people. In addition, with the inheritance of traditional folk culture, the study of Diyinhuan is a way of understanding the loessial civilization, and it has a profound significance to the loessial civilization’s inheritance. However, with the development of the rural social economy, especially after the reform and opening-up, the tremendous rural change and the improvement of farmers’living standards, traditionally Diyinyuan residential peasants chose to move out of the Diyinyuan. Now Diyinyuan disappears at an alarming rate group by group, together with manycustom and memories associated with it. In view of this phenomenon, this paper selects Diyinyuan south of Shanxi as the research object, and analyzes Diyinyuan’s science and technology.Except the introduction, this paper is divided into five parts.Chapter one describes the general situation of Diyinyuan in Shanxi Pinglu from three aspects:the history and status quo, the natural environment and the architectural features of Diyinyuan in Pinglu.Chapter two is construction of Diyinyuan in Shanxi Pinglu.This part mainly discusses the construction process of Diyinyuan, describes the excavation of the building, the main ancillary facilities construction, building materials and tools, rammed earth technology, etc, and analyzes the science and technology of the construction.Chapter three is the drainage and smoke ejecting system of Diyinyuan in Shanxi Pinglu. Firstly, This part elaborates five points of the drainage system: facilities the channel, pits, dripping eaves, "brick" and cliff; secondly, this part discusses Diyinyuan’s exhaust system from its own setting of the chimney, construction of the stove and kang, and construction of the stomatal openings and windows and doorways, finally, this part analyzes drainage and smoke ejecting system’s scientific value. Chapter four is about the heritage protection of Diyinyuan in Shanxi Pinglu. This part emphasizes Diyinyuan’s cultural values. Base on Diyinyuan’s status quo, this part discusses the approaches to inherit and protect it. |
