Research On Characteristics Of Sediment Based On Analysis Of The Upstream Raw Water Quality Of Songhua River In Harbin Region

Low temperature and turbidity high ammonia water to the water treatment has been a difficulty. Since the Songhua River is located in alpine regions, water quality showed significant low temperature and turbidity characteristics; although the Songhua River water quality, while gradually improved, but there will be a seasonal excessive ammonia. Meanwhile, after Dadingzishan Navigation and Hydropower Project put into operation, the Songhua River upstream to slow down, the water widens in favor of foreign-sourced pollutants to sediment deposition, the possibility of water contamination by endogenous increases.First, this paper Songhua River in Harbin Shun-village and its upstream section 19 from 2011 to 2014 to study water quality indicators, as well as analysis of the spatial and temporal variation of the type of organic matter in the raw water, distribution, summed up the Songhua River raw water quality characteristics, and the Songhua River in Harbin We conducted a water quality evaluation. The results showed that: the Songhua River raw water temperature is low in winter, remaining below 5℃, the highest in the summer in August 28.1℃; from January to April were lower turbidity of the water, wave back and forth between 2.97~5.88; permanganate permanganate index finished the year first and then decreased, general winter permanganate index low as 3.6mg/L, summer permanganate index higher was 9.87mg/L; January, February, November and December May ammonia concentrations were higher than Ⅲ water quality standard, January ammonia concentration up to 2.75mg/L, more than Ⅴ class water standard of 2.0mg/L, the lowest July ammonia concentration 0.17mg/L; while water containing alkanes, benzene, lipids, organic acids, phenols, amines, naphthalene and other trace organics. Songhua River in Harbin section along the flow direction of water quality, dissolved oxygen values showing a decreasing trend(Su embankment 6.15mg/L-readiness road 5.82mg/L-two water 5.55mg/L), ammonia concentration shown a gradual rise high trend(0.09mg/L-0.10mg/L-0.11mg/L), permanganate value first and then increased and then decreased(5.52 mg O2/L-8.56 mg O2/L-5.68 mg O2/L), total phosphorus values showed a decreasing trend after the first increase,(0.12mg/L-0.14mg/L-0.11mg/L); from the south coast to the north shore of dissolved oxygen in water is also showing a rising trend first decreased(5.06 Southbank mg/L-River Center 4.81 mg/L- North Shore 4.88 mg/L), ammonia is also showing first and then decreased almost unchanged(0.11 mg/L-0.114 mg/L-0.10 mg/L), permanganate After the first lower index showing the trend remains unchanged(5.68 mg O2/L-5.20 mg O2/L-5.202 mg O2/L), total phosphorus after showing an increasing tendency to remain unchanged(0.12mg/L-0.121 mg/L-0.15 mg/L). Obtained from Integrated Water Quality Index of Songhua River in Harbin, WQI value of 64.58 from 2011 has been reduced to 36.76 in 2014, the water quality get better year by year. Therefore, the Songhua River in Harbin with a low temperature and turbidity high ammonia, normal temperature and turbidity slightly contaminated, accompanied by a certain quality characteristics of organic pollution, water quality gradually change for the better in the situation, nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter and heavy metal pollution can not be ignored.In addition, for the deposition of pollutants problem Dadingzishan hub brought, on the basis of the analysis of sediment on the constitution, investigate distribution characteristics in sediment and the release of ammonia to the water quality of the Songhua River, were investigated temperature, dissolved oxygen and ammonia disturbance intensity on the impact of abnormal increase during the winter, the results showed that: in the test temperature range, as the temperature increases, the release of ammonia of 0.16 mg/L to 0.57 mg/L, and nitrate Nitrogen emissions from 0.58 mg/L reduced to-0.31 mg/L. In a low level of dissolved oxygen at(0.21 mg/L), ammonia nitrogen concentrations were significantly increased from the initial 0.68 mg/L to 1.72 mg/L, and the concentration of nitrate decreased from 0.36 mg/L to 0.27 mg/L, TN showed a slight increasing trend, an increase of 0.64 mg/L; high-oxygen condition(9.13 mg/L), compared to the state at low dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen concentration decreased 0.71 mg/L while nitrate nitrogen concentration 0.18 mg/L, due to the increase in the solubility of nitrogen emissions, but to make TN presents a rising trend. Contributed greatly disturbed sediment in ammonia, total nitrogen release, increased by 19 times and 9 times greater than when standing, and it has little effect on nitrates.Finally, based on the optimization of RECOVERY model and to test was constructed based on the water quality of the Songhua River Sediment apply ammonia release kinetics model, results showed that: the model can simulate the real behavior of pollutants in the water system and migration mechanisms and better predict the impact of the release at 4 ℃ sediment overlying the case of nitrogen and ammonia concentration of the starting water sediment release of ammonia.