The Damage Investigation And Evaluation Method Research Of Hypervelocity Impact On Shield Structure

As the deterioration of the space environment, the spacecrafts suffer a potential menace for its orbit operation security. The increasing space debris makes it easy to impact with the spacecraft, so, it is important to enhance the protection ability of the spacecraft shield structure. For the shield structures, the standard to judge the protection ability is mainly uses the ballistic limitation, for the present research, it takes the experimental means to get the results and acquire the ballistic limitation by curve fitting. The experimental means need to do many times of experiments and cannot explain the physical process of hypervelocity impact. This study come up with a energy judge way for the shield structure, it takes two kinds of material into account,Aluminum and basalt fiber,which represent the metal and braided material,and analyzed the shield properties of the material when it used as the bump. Finally, this study established the judge method for the double-wall and multi-wall structure according to the energy standard.Firstly, according to the exited conclusions about the single plate, this study came up with a concept of critical damage kinetic energy for hypervelocity impact, and considered that the critical damage is determined by the bullet initial kinetic energy. By the experiment mean, the critical damage kinetic energy was acquired. In order to test and verify that the critical damage kinetic energy is suitable for bullets whit different diameter, a series of experiments was taken, the results showed that the concept of critical damage kinetic energy is right.Secondly, this study analyzed the energy shield properties of Aluminum and basalt fiber, which represent the metal and braided material. The research showed that: in ballistic velocity range, the Aluminum spall is the main reason for bullet energy decease, the basalt fiber deceases the bullet energy by penetration consumption. In fragment velocity range, according to energy judge mean, the result that ballistic curve of whipple structure is nearly a straight line was proved.Finally, as to two different shield structure made up with Aluminum and basalt fiber, a theory protection ability judgment was given according to energy shield properties, this judgment was verified by the experiment. This study based on the critical damage kinetic energy of single plate, by analyzed the energy shield properties of different materials, established the judge method for the double-wall and multi-wall structure. This judge method can provide a new think way in shield structure design.