Design And Development Of Small Fluoride Removal Device In Rural Areas

Fluoride is one of the essential trace elements. A small amount of fluoride is effective inpreventing tooth decay.on the contrary, excessive of fluoride during long-term may cause"fluorosis", which are manifested as dental fluorosis, skeletal fluorosis and nerve damage.Currently, about50million people are drinking fluoride water (fluoride content>1mg/L).Treatment of high fluorine groundwater research is one of the focus in the field of thedrinking water treatment. High fluoride groundwater are widely distributed, mainly in thenortheast, north and northwest. For rural areas are underdeveloped, distributed water supplyand most of farmers were not highly educated, it is essential to design a kind of fluorideremoval device which is cheap and easy to operation and management to protect the safety ofdrinking water in rural areas.Currently, often used fluoride removal technologies include coagulation precipitation,electro-coagulation, electrodialysis, reverse osmosis, ion exchange and adsorption.Adsorption is the most widely method in studied of fluoride drinking water. Commonly usedadsorbent include bone charcoal, zeolite, activated carbon, activated alumina, rare earth metaloxides, mineral earths. Fluoride removal device suitable for small home in rural areas isrelatively short, which can be classified into the under water and the up water type, power andnon-power type, renewable and non-renewable type.Screening commonly used adsorbent, we find that modified activated alumina andceramic particles have good fluoride removal performance. Then we research the fluorideremoval performance of these two adsorbent and optimize them. Explore its mechanism offluoride removal and regeneration method to find that the adsorbent have better fluorideperformance after optimization. The adsorption capacity are1.59mg/g and1.19mg/g. Then,the static and dynamic adsorption experiments were taken to research their adsorptionproperties, and characterize them by EMS. Take regeneration experiments on the two adsorbents and found that it had good reproducibility.Design a small fluoride removal device which is under water type, no power, renewable,convenient and practical in the based on selected filter. The filter can be used continuously forat least30days. After failure, the filter will be centralized and regenerated by productionbusiness recovery. Simple device was maked and made a trial run. Made the second run afterthe adsorbent were regenerated. The results was desirable and suitable for rural families.