Research On Active Vibration Control Of Cantilever Beam Based On Piezoelectric Material

In order to reduce the load and costs, most of the aircraft wings were designed with lightweight materials of low rigidity and flexibility. But as the improvement of the flying speed and the maneuverability, the load applied on the wings is increasing, and the bending rigidity and torsional rigidity of the wings structure are more and more difficult to guarantee, which will lead the wings structure to deformate in flight. Small distortion may seriously deteriorate the aerodynamic performance of wings, and can also cause serious problems, such as vibration when in high-speed flight. Due to the above situations, experiment of active vibration control of cantilever beam structure based on piezoelectric material is designed. The main research content is as follows:After studying the basic theory of intelligent active control based on piezoelectric materials, the vibration model of the cantilever beam structure is established. Considering the structure characteristics, the conventional PID controller, fuzzy self-tuning PID controller and fuzzy self-tuning fractional PID controller based on genetic algorithm are designed. Through MATLAB simulation model, analyzes the features and performance of the control method respectively.In order to verify the accuracy of the simulation experiments above, active vibration control hardware experiment platform of a cantilever beam based on Lab VIEW is designed. Using the PC as the core of the control process, adopting Macro Fiber Composite material as the actuator and laser displacement sensor as the feedback element to build the vibration active control device. Laser displacement sensor transmits the collected signals of the cantilever beam displacement to the controller, then the controller generates controlling signal. It is applied to MFC actuator through the drive system, MFC actuator produces tension to control the vibration of the cantilever beam.Stimulation module, algorithm module and analog signal output module are designed respectively based on Lab VIEW software platform. In the part of signal acquisition, the serial port communication protocol is programming through DLL, and it is encapsulated by C++language. Laser displacement sensor directly communicates with the computer via the serial port of RS-485. In addition, the human-computer interaction system is designed, making hardware experiment more clear and convenience. The experimental results show that the piezoelectric composite fiber material which is taken as the actuator, has good flexibility and high sensitivity. It is suitable for active vibration control of beam structure. Adopting the fractional order PIλDμ controller as control strategy, fractional calculus operator takes a certain range of the overall information of the controller into account in the form of weighted, and it is memorability. Five adjustable parameters make control more exquisite and accurate, and it can express controller’s dynamic execution ability more accurate. Fuzzy reasoning method in the control theory of fractional order PIλDμ controller realizes the parameters tuning online. The multiplexed control method not only has the characteristics of memory and accuracy of fractional order PIλDμ controller but also the flexibility and robustness of the fuzzy controller. It gains a good control effect because of realizing the complementary advantages.